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Building Envelope > Doors, windows, glass and sealants > Flashcards

Doors, windows, glass and sealants Flashcards

1
Q

To note about steel doors.

A

Commercial steel doors have a hollow core. They are usually 45mm in thickness and they may or may not be insulated.

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2
Q

Steel doors must be…

A
  • Fire-resistant
  • Termite-free
  • Rust proof
  • Anti-burglar
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3
Q

Name different types of doors.

A
  • Stainless steel door
  • Combination door powder-coated
  • Combination door polyvinyl-coated
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4
Q

Name the different components of a door. There are 12.

A
  1. Top Rail
  2. Panels
  3. Mullion
  4. Lock Stile
  5. Lock Rail
  6. Bottom Rail
  7. Hinge
  8. Hinge Stile
  9. Stop
  10. Jamb
  11. Threshold ( Saddle )
  12. Casing
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5
Q

To note about wood doors.

A
  • 45mm in thickness
  • Birch; paint grade
  • White birch, mahogany, ash, red oak, walnut, teak; stain grade
  • P. Lam 1/16in wood grain, textured, solid colours
  • Hollow core honeycomb fill
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6
Q

To note about specialty doors.

A
  • There are coiling doors and grilles
  • Overhead commercial, manual, sectional overhead, hardware, and glazing included.
  • Can be made of steel, aluminum, or wood.
  • There are also industrial ( roll up doors ), non-labeled service doors
  • Class A; 3hr labeled
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7
Q

Explain ‘Vasisdas’

A

Vasisdas refers to a transom window. It translates to ‘what is this?’ from a German viscount when he saw a transom window at Place Versailles.

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8
Q

What opens automatic doors?

A

Infra-red controllers

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9
Q

To note about revolving doors.

A

Revolving doors help control the pressure of a building and the traffic flow in the interior environment. However, it cannot be used for fire exiting.

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10
Q

Name different types of common window styles.

A
  • Fixed ( non-operating )
  • Casement
  • Awning
  • Tilt and turn
  • Single/double-hung
  • Horizontal slider
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11
Q

Tell me about windows; frames specifically.

A
  • Materials, thermally broken
  • Sealed glazing unit
  • Condensation
  • Low-E coating
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12
Q

To note about skylights.

A

Try to avoid it. They are prone to leakages.

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13
Q

Tell me about Glass.

A
  • Larger thicknesses are typically employed for buildings or areas with higher thermal resistance, relative humidity, or sound transmission requirements, such as laboratory areas or recording studios.
  • Glass may be used as transparent, translucent, or opaque.
  • Transparent glass usually refers to vision glass in a curtain wall. ( you can read through it )
  • Spandrel or vision glass may also contain translucent ( light passes through but you can’t read through it ) glass, which could be for security or aesthetic purposes.
  • Opaque ( no light passes through ) glass is used in areas to hide a column or spandrel beam or shear wall behind the curtain wall. Another method of hiding spandrel areas is through shadow box construction ( providing a dark enclosed space behind the transparent or translucent box )
  • Shadow box construction creates a perception of depth behind the glass that is sometimes desired.
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14
Q

What are the different types of glass.

A
  • Tempered
  • Laminated
  • Annealed
  • Wired ( armoured )
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15
Q

Describe ‘tempered glass’

A

Shatters in smaller pieces; used in side, rear and windshield of a car.

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16
Q

Describe ‘laminated glass’

A

Shatters but the pieces stay together due to clear vinyl inter-layer film within the glass.

17
Q

Describe ‘wired glass’

A

Shatters but has a wire-mess within the glass.

18
Q

Define ‘sealant’ ( aka caulking )

A

A sealant is a viscous material that changes state to become solid, once applied, and is used to prevent the penetration of:
- Air
- Gases
- Noise
- Dust
- Fire
- Smoke
- Liquid from one location through a barrier into another

Typically, sealants are used to close small openings that are difficult to shut with other materials, such as concrete, drywall, etc.

19
Q

Name the desirable properties of sealants.

A
  • Insolubility
  • Corrosion resistance
  • Adhesion

The uses of sealants vary widely and are used in many industries, suhc as:

  • Construction
  • Automotive windshields
  • Aerospace industries
20
Q

What is the main difference between sealants and adhesives?

A

The main difference between adhesives and sealants is that sealant typically have lower strength and higher elongation than adhesives do.

21
Q

To note about sealants.

A

Since the main objective of a sealant is to seal assemblies and joints, sealants need to have sufficient adhesion to the substrates and resistance to environmental conditions to remain bonded over the required life of the assembly. Additionally, when sealants are used between substrates having different thermal coefficients of expansion or differing elongation under stress, they need to have adequate flexibility and elongation. They usually have a paste consistency to allow the filling of gaps between substrates. Low shrinkage after application is often required. Many adhesive technologies can be formulated into sealants. Furthermore, sealants fall between higher-strength adhesives at one end and extremely low-strength putties and caulks at the other. Putties and caulks serve only one function - i.e. to take up space and fill voids.

  • Sealants are particularly effective in keeping moisture in or out of the components in which they are used.
  • They provide thermal and acoustical insulation and may serve as fire barriers.
  • In short, sealants are often called upon to perform several of these functions at once.
22
Q

Name the 3 basic functions of sealants.

A

No matter what the application, a sealant has three basic functions.
1. It fills a gap between two or more substrates.
2. It forms a barrier through the physical properties of the sealant itself and by adhesion to the substrate.
3. It maintains sealing properties for the expected lifetime service conditions and environments.

23
Q

Name the different types of sealants.

A
  • Acrylic sealants
  • Asphalt sealants
  • Pipe thread sealants
  • Acoustical sealants
  • Adhesive sealants
  • Aerospace sealants
  • Aircraft sealants
  • Aquarium sealants
  • Butyl rubber sealants
  • Car sealants
  • Concrete sealants
  • Construction sealants
  • Dental sealants

Building Envelope (11 decks)

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