Down syndrome Flashcards
1
Q
diagnosis of down syndrome prenatally
A
- screening tests. give probability. based on age, sonogram, blood test
- diagnostic test. chorionic villus sampling. amniocentesis
2
Q
diagnosis of down syndrome at birth
A
- presence of typical characteristics
- chromosomal analysis of blood
3
Q
down syndrome cardiovascular characteristics
A
- VSD
- PDA
- tetralogy of fallot
4
Q
tetralogy of fallot
A
4 defects
- pulmonary valve stenosis
- VSD- ventricular septal defect
- malposition of aorta
- right ventricular hypertrophy
5
Q
gastrointestinal DS characteristics
A
- duodenal stenosis
- imperforate anus
- hirschsprungs’s disease
6
Q
immunologic DS characteristics
A
- leukemia
- chronic rhinitis and conjunctivitis
- fluid in middle ear
7
Q
neurologic DS characteristics
A
- mild microcephaly
- hypotonia
- intellectual disability
- developmental delay
- early onset Alzheimer’s disease
- small cerebellum and brains stem
8
Q
typical gait pattern of DS
A
- small step length
- increased knee flexion at contact
- hyperextension in stance
- decreased single limb support
- increase hip flexion posture
9
Q
intervention of DS
A
- comprehensive assessment and monitoring of developmental delays
- promote WB
- facilitate antigravity muscles
- emphasize trunk extension
- encourage midline orientation
- encourage righting responses
- introduce developmental milestones when appropriate
- incorporate cognition, language and socialization
10
Q
precautions for treating DS
A
- ligamentous laxity makes joints less resistant to any trauma
- important to incorporate joint protection strategies
- avoid exaggerated neck flexion or extension
- a radiograph may not accurately detect AA instability in infants or children under the age of 2
11
Q
Participation of DS individual in community
A
- attend school
- obtain jobs
- relationships
- active in decision making
12
Q
life expectancy of DS
A
- current 60+ years
