DPSP Flashcards
(23 cards)
Article 36: Definition of ‘State’
Defines ‘State’ to include the Government and Parliament of India, and the Government and Legislature of each State, and all other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.
Article 37: Application of DPSP
States that the Directive Principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws, though they are not enforceable by any court.
Article 38: State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
Directs the State to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting a social order in which justice—social, economic, and political—shall inform all institutions of national life.
Article 39: Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State
Mandates the State to direct its policy towards securing adequate means of livelihood, equal pay for equal work, protection of children and youth, and prevention of concentration of wealth.
Article 39A: Equal justice and free legal aid
Directs the State to promote justice on a basis of equal opportunity and provide free legal aid to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities.
Article 40: Organisation of village panchayats
Directs the State to take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.
Article 41: Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases
Directs the State to make effective provision for securing the right to work, education, and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement.
Article 42: Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief
Directs the State to make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief.
Article 43: Living wage, etc., for workers
Directs the State to secure a living wage and a decent standard of life for all workers and to promote cottage industries.
Article 43A: Participation of workers in management of industries
Directs the State to take steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings, establishments, or other organizations engaged in any industry.
Article 44: Uniform civil code for the citizens
Directs the State to endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.
Article 45: Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years
Directs the State to endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.
Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections
Directs the State to promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, particularly the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, and to protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.
Article 47: Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health
Directs the State to regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties.
Article 48: Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
Directs the State to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and to take steps for preserving and improving the breeds, and prohibiting the slaughter, of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle.
Article 48A: Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife
Directs the State to endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.
Article 49: Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance
Directs the State to protect every monument or place or object of artistic or historic interest declared by or under law made by Parliament to be of national importance.
Article 50: Separation of judiciary from executive
Directs the State to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.
Article 51: Promotion of international peace and security
Directs the State to promote international peace and security, maintain just and honourable relations between nations, foster respect for international law and treaty obligations, and encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.
42nd Amendment Act (1976): New Articles Added
Introduced Article 39A (free legal aid), Article 43A (workers’ participation in management), and Article 48A (protection of the environment and wildlife).
44th Amendment Act (1978): Focus on Reducing Inequality
Added Article 38(2) to direct the state to minimize income inequalities and eliminate disparities in status, facilities, and opportunities.
86th Amendment Act (2002): Right to Early Childhood Care
Revised Article 45 to mandate the state to provide early childhood care and education for children below six years of age.
97th Amendment Act (2011): Cooperative Societies
Added Article 43B to promote the establishment and voluntary formation of cooperative societies, recognizing their importance for economic democracy.
