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Kin 345 > Dr irwin > Flashcards

Dr irwin Flashcards

1
Q

Heirarchy of social support

A
  1. social integration
  2. support network
  3. supportive climates
  4. enacted/received support
  5. perceived support

gets more specific as you go down

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2
Q

social integration

A

involvement with family and friends

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3
Q

support network

A

specific pool of people you turn to for help

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4
Q

supportive climates

A

cohesiveness

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5
Q

enacted/received support

A

giving and receiving support

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6
Q

perceived support

A

perception is not always synonymous with support recieved

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7
Q

types of social support

A
  1. instrumental
  2. emotional
  3. informational support
  4. companionship support
  5. validation
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8
Q

instrumental support

A

providing assistance to help someone meet PA

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9
Q

emotional support

A

empathetic, encouragement

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10
Q

informational support

A

giving info on how to be physically active, giving feedback

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11
Q

companionship support

A

a person exercises with you could be family or friend

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12
Q

validation

A

compare oneself to another for reassurance of normalcy

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13
Q

behavioral aspect of good leader

A

the ability to instruct with the proper technical execuation, stay focused and be energetic

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14
Q

communicative aspect of a good leader

A

class leaders should possess the ability to express themselves clearly and listen to class members

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15
Q

motivational aspect of a good leader

A

leaders should have the ability to motivate and use group process

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16
Q

3 important things regarding group dynamics

A
  1. the forces that bind members to their groups
  2. critical parameters of leadership
  3. impact of group structure
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17
Q

2 ways groups can be cohesive

A

socially

task

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18
Q

carron, widmeyer, brawley (1988))

A

cohesion and adherence

results: adherers had higher perceptions of ATGT and ATGS

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19
Q

spink and carron (1992)

A
  • Individual Attractions to Group Task and Individual Attractions to Group Social were negatively related with absenteeism
  • Individual Attractions to Group Task accounted for the greatest difference between those participants who were never late and those who were late four or more times.
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20
Q

spink and carron second study

A

there were lower perceptions of cohesion, as manifested in ATGT scores, in dropouts compared to aderers

21
Q

possible explanation for group cohesion and adherence relationship

A

group process and individual mechanisms

22
Q

John Bowlby

A

attachment theory

  • humans have basic need for affection
  • left unsatisfied an individuals ability to initiate and maintain healthy social relationships is impaired
  • lack of social relationships is a risk factor for poor health
23
Q

Emilie durkheim

A

social patterning of suicide (non-random)

- suicide is influenced by one’s level of social integration

24
Q

social integration

A

the extent to which one is embedded in a social network

25
Q

social network

A

the web of social ties that surround an individual and the characteristics of those ties

26
Q

properties of social networks 2 main characteristics

A

structure and function

27
Q

structure

A 
# of ties
types of ties
frequency of contact
28
Q

function

A

the content of or what flows between social ties (ex: social support)

29
Q

why is structure important?

A

certain structures allow for certain properties to emerge

ex: bucket brigade (the ability to efficiently transport buckets of water emerges from the structure of the network

30
Q

2 types of structures

A

artificial

natural

31
Q

social integration is a function of …

A

of social ties and frequency of contact

32
Q

Why is social integration related to health behavior?

A
  1. functional explanation: some aspects of social network function account for physical activity
  2. psychological explanation: satisfies innate need to belong
    - increases motivation to be healthy
33
Q

social isolation:

A

the relative absence of social relationships

34
Q

social integration

A

overall level of involvement with informal and formal relationship (how integrated you are in the social network)

35
Q

quality of relationships

A

positive and negative

36
Q

social networks

A

the web of social ties surrounding an individual

37
Q

Alemeda county study

A
  • 6000 adults living in Cali community.
  • examined relationship between social networks and mortality risk over a 9 year period
  • Results: those who lack social ties were about 2-3 times as likely to die in a nine year follow up period as people who had many contacts
38
Q

4 domains in alameda study?`

A
  1. marital status
  2. contacts with friends and relatives
  3. religious affiliation and membership
  4. membership in voluntary organization
39
Q

Christakis and fowler

A
  • obesity in social networks
  • main finding : clustering of obesity
  • if your friend becomes obese your chances of becoming obese increases by 57% in the same time period
40
Q

homophily

A

the tendency for people to associate with people similar to them
(birds of a feather flock together)

41
Q

confounds

A

people share the same environment which influences their health (low access to healthy foods, low aceces to safe PA places)

42
Q

induction

A

a change in one person causes a change in another person (obesity)

43
Q

who is the most influential?

A

mutual friendship

44
Q

how can public health maximize the positive impacts of social relationships on heatlh?

A

policy

45
Q

gender patterns of social ties

A

women tend to have larger confidant networks than men

men tend to benefit more in terms of health from marriage than do women

46
Q

race patters of social ties

A
  • whites tend to have larger confidant networks than blacks
  • blacks are less likely to be married than whites
  • African americans may experience more marital strain and receive fewer economic gains from marriage than whites
47
Q

education patterns of social ties

A

better educated adults tend to have larger confidant networks than less educated adults and experience less relationship stress
-have more diverse networks (linked to immune system functioning)

48
Q

Social determinants of health

A

Social determinants of health are “the structural determinants and conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age.

Kin 345 (4 decks)

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