Test 2 info Flashcards
(25 cards)
what is the strongest predictor of health and happiness?
strong social relationships
meta-analysis:
the statistical procedure for combining data from multiple studies
- when the treatment effect is CONSISTENT from one study to the next, meta-analysis can be used to identify this common effect
odds ratio
a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. the OR represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure
social isolation
the relative absence of social relationships
social integration
overall level of involvement with informal and formal social relationships
quality of relationships
positive and negative (strained) aspects of relationships
social networks
the web of social ties surrounding an individual
social isolation (lonliness and physical activity:
loneliness is independently and directly related to physical inactivity among older adults (50-68 yrs)
people who are lonely are ___% more likely to be physically inactive, after controlling for gender, ethnicity, age, education, and household income
65%
confounding variables
a variable that correlates with both the dependent variable( phy. act.) and independent variable ( isolation), in a way that explains away some or all of the correlation between the variables
social network index based on what 4 domains
1) marital status
2) contacts with friends and relatives
3) religious affiliation and membership
4) membership in voluntary organizations
main finding of the framingham heart study (Christakis and fowler)
the clustering of obesity
if your friend becomes obese, your chances of becoming obese increase by ___% in the same time period
57%
homophily
the tendency for people to associate with people with similar characteristics
ex: obesity, diet/pa habits
“birds of a feather flock together”
confounds
people share the same environment which influences their health
ex: low access to healthy foods, low access to safe PA activities
induction
a change in one person causes a change in another person
ex: obesity
who is the most influential person in risk for obesity?
1) a mutual friend
a lack of social relationships is a powerful risk factor for _______
premature death or mortality
social relationships are also closely tied to _____.
health behavior (Christakis study obesity=diet + pa) (alameda county : social integration)
what is public health
all organized measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole
- focus on entire population
- concerned with total system
social determinants of health
economic stability, environment, education, food, community and social context, health care system
physical environment is ____%
10%
social and economic factors is ____%
40%
clinical care is ___%
20%
