drug classes and examples

Question 1

what are nsaids

Answer 1

non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

Question 2

how do nsaids work

Answer 2

inhibit COX1 and 2 which prevents prostaglandin production

Question 3

three types of nsaids

Answer 3

selective cox1 inhibitor
selective cox2 inhibitor
non selective inhibitor

Question 4

some effects of cox1 inhibitors

Answer 4

decrease in thromboxane a2 production- less having an anti platelet effect

Question 5

what does the cox enzyme do

Answer 5

catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin

Question 6

examples of cox1 inhibitord

Answer 6

low dose aspirin
ketorolac

Question 7

examples of non selective cox inhibitors

Answer 7

naproxen
ibuprofen
piroxican

Question 8

examples of cox 2inhibitors

Answer 8

meloxicam
celecoxib

Question 9

what do ace inhibitors do

Answer 9

inhibit the formation of ang2

Question 10

examples of some ace inhibitors

Answer 10

ramapril
perindorpil

Question 11

three types of diuretics

Answer 11

loop
thiazide
spironolactone

Question 12

side effects of nsaids

Answer 12

stomach ulcers
indigestion
headaches
feeling bloated

Question 13

Main role of diuretics

Answer 13

Reduce reabsorption of sodium
Hence lowering blood pressure

Question 14

What do osmotic diuretics do

Answer 14

Increase solute conc within PCT and thick descending limb
Hence water will follow which will reduce plasma volume and thus decreasing blood pressure

Question 15

Examples of osmotic diuretics

Answer 15

Mannitol
Glycerin
Isosorbide

Question 16

What do loop diuretics do

Answer 16

Work on the thin ascending limb
Increase na+, cl, k h20 excretion
Prevents chloride from being absorbed
Long term prevent reabsorption of ca
Increase urine flow

Question 17

Example of a loop diuretic

Answer 17

Furosemide

Question 18

How do thiazide diuretics work

Answer 18

They inhibit the sodium chloride transporter which causes less reabsorption of na and cl BUT more excretion

Water follows na so there is a large volume of dilute urine

Question 19

Examples of thiazide dietetics

Answer 19

BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE
Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide

Question 20

what do anti platelet drugs do

Answer 20

decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation via inhibiting factor X

Question 21

some examples of common anti platelet drugs

Answer 21

apsirin
cox-1

Question 22

what do anti coagulants do

Answer 22

-enzyme inhibition
-binding to anti thrombin
- preventing synthesis in liver

Question 23

some examples of anti coagulants

Answer 23

heparin
warfarin- anti vitamin k

Question 24

how do protein pump inhibitors work

Answer 24

block gastric acid secretion by irreversibly binding to and inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase pump

Question 25

steroid side effects

Answer 25

cataracts, ulcers, HT, MYOPATHY

Question 26

First line treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 26

Tamsulosin Beta blockers

Question 27

Treatment for cardiogenic shock

Answer 27

Dobutamine

Question 28

Indications for anti coagulants

Answer 28

Dvt Atrial fibrillation Prosthetic valves Bleeding disorders

Question 29

Common anti coagulants

Answer 29

Doacs Warfarin Lmwh- low molecular weight heparin

Question 30

What does warfarin inhibit

Answer 30

Vit k

Question 31

Common types of nsaids

Answer 31

Ibuprofen Naproxen

Question 32

Main se of nsaids

Answer 32

Gastric ulcers

Question 33

which type of diuretic would competitively bind to aldosterone receptors in the distal tubules of kindye

Answer 33

spironolactone

Question 34

mechanism of spironalactones?

Answer 34

They bind competitively to aldosterone receptors in the DCT, preventing aldosterone from binding and thus reducing water and sodium reabsorption

Question 35

what is the mechanism of action of alendronic acid for osteoporosis patients

Answer 35

inhibit osteoclastic activity to decrease bone resorption, which reduces bone turnover and improves bone mass

Question 36

what is the mechanism of rivaroxaban

Answer 36

directly inhibits activated clotting factor X to prevent conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Question 37

medication used for TB than can cause blood in urine

Answer 37

rifampicin

Question 38

a common example of a ddp4 inhibitor

Answer 38

sitagliptin

Question 39

which anti-emetic is contraindicated in a patient with parkinson's disease

Answer 39

metoclopramide