drug mechanisms and indications (midterm 1)

Question 1

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE aka kininase) inhibitor; suppresses RAA system and simultaneously inhibits bradykinin degradation

Answer 1

lisinopril moa

Question 2

Indication for lisinopril

Answer 2

HTN
CHF
ACUTE MI

Question 3

VALSARTAN

Answer 3

Selective antagonist of Angiotensin II receptor

Question 4

INDICATION FOR VALSARTAN

Answer 4

HTN
CHF
POST MI

Question 5

amlodipine moa

Answer 5

Inhibits trans membrane Ca++ current into vascular smooth muscle&raquo_space; cardiac muscle

Question 6

indication for amlodipine

Answer 6

HTN

CAD

Question 7

Antagonizes peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Answer 7

TERAZOSIN MOA

Question 8

indication for terazosin

Answer 8

HTN

BPH

Question 9

• Selective competitive antagonism of β1 receptors reducing systolic BP and CO via negative inotropic (beats soft) and chronotropic (beats slow)effects
• Central acting inhibition of sympathetic outflow
• Suppression of renin activity

Answer 9

metoprolol

Question 10

indication for metoprolol

Answer 10

HTN
angina pectoris
POST MI

Question 11

Inhibits reabsorption of NaCl at proximal/distal convoluted tubule & loop of Henle

Anti-HTN: High Ceiling/Loop Diuretic (Ca2+ and K+ depleting)

Answer 11

FUROSEMIDE MOA

Question 12

indication of furosemide

Answer 12

HTN*,
Acute Pulomo-nary Edema (respiratory distress),
Hyper-calcemia

Question 13

Inhibits reabsoprtion of NaCl at distal convoluted tubule

Anti-HTN: Thiazide Diuretic (Ca2+ sparing)

Answer 13

hctz moa

Question 14

indication for hctz

Answer 14

HTN, Peripheral Edema, CHF, Osteo-porosis

Question 15

Antagonizes aldosterone receptors in distal convoluted tubule resulting in sodium/water loss and potassium retention

Anti-HTN: Potassium sparing diuretics (drugs that do not promote the secretion of potassium into the urine)

Answer 15

spironolactone

Question 16

spironolactone indication

Answer 16

HTN, CHF, Hyperaldosteronism, Hypo-kalemia

Question 17

Stimulates central and spinal alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (pre-synaptic and post-junctional)
Anti-HTN: Central-Acting Alpha Agonist
-Analgesic

Answer 17

clonidine

Question 18

clonidine indication

Answer 18

htn

severe cancer related pain

Question 19

Directly dilates peripheral vessels via hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle which thus inhibits Ca2+ influx (depolarization)

Answer 19

moa of hydralazine

Question 20

indication of hydralazine

Answer 20

htn
chf
hypertensive crisis

Question 21

Stimulates CNS through a sympathomimetic mechanism involving the enhanced release and reduced reuptake of NE and dopamine

Answer 21

moa of amphetamine

Question 22

indication for amphetamine

Answer 22

ADHD

NARCOLEPSY

Question 23

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

Answer 23

ESCITALOPRAM

Question 24

indication for escitalopram

Answer 24

Major Depressive Disorder,

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 25

Selective Serotonin & NE reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

Answer 25

duloxetine

Question 26

indication for duloxetine

Answer 26

Depression, Anxiety, Neuropathic Pain (DM), Fibromyalgia

Question 27

Selective Serotonin (5-HT) Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI); Adrenergic alpha-1 blocker & 5-HT2A/C blocker

Answer 27

trazadone

Question 28

indication for trazadone

Answer 28

major depressive disorder | insomnia

Question 29

Antagonizes D2 receptors & 5-HT2 receptors | Ancillary effects may arise from antagonism of H1 and alpha-1

Answer 29

quetiapine moa

Question 30

indication for quetiapine

Answer 30

schizophrenia

Question 31

Indirect (central) acting; reversibly binds to and inactivates acetylcholinesterase

Answer 31

donepezil

Question 32

indication for donepezil

Answer 32

alzheimer | dementia

Question 33

- Levodopa is a dopamine (DA) precursor that, unlike DA, crosses the BBB to enhance DA synthesis in substantia nigra - Carbidopa is an inhibitor of dopa decarboxylase; the latter degrades levodopa to dopa

Answer 33

antiparksinson therapy

Question 34

Selectively binds to GABAA-BZD receptors, thereby enhancing GABA effects

Answer 34

moa for alprazolam

Question 35

what type of benzodiazepine is alprazolam?

Answer 35

intermediate acting

Question 36

indication for alprazolam

Answer 36

anxiety | panic disorder

Question 37

Selectively binds to GABAA-BZD receptors, thereby enhancing GABA effects

Answer 37

zolpidem

Question 38

indication for zolpidem

Answer 38

insomnia

Question 39

Selectivity binds to airway cysteinyl leukotriene receptors blocking their stimulation by their endogenous ligands (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) which are released by mast cells and eosinophils

Answer 39

moa for montelukast

Question 40

indication for montelukast

Answer 40

asthma bronchospasm allergic rhinitis

Question 41

Selectively stimulates β2 adrenergic receptors causing relaxation in airway smooth muscle

Answer 41

albuterol moa

Question 42

indication for albuterol

Answer 42

asthma bronchospasm copd

Question 43

Acts through classic steroid pathway inhibiting arachidonic acid-based eicosanoid production

Answer 43

fluticasone

Question 44

indication for fluticasone

Answer 44

asthma | copd maintenance

Question 45

steroidal antiinflammatory for respiratory drugs

Answer 45

fluticasone

Question 46

A chemical analog of Albuterol having a lipophilic side chain that enhances duration of action; like Albuterol, this β2 Agonist produces relaxation of airway smooth muscle

Answer 46

moa of salmeterol

Question 47

bronchodilator for resp therapy

Answer 47

salmetarol

Question 48

indication for salmeterol

Answer 48

asthma | COPD maintenance

Question 49

Inhibits multiple inflammatory cytokines; produces multiple glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects

Answer 49

MOMETASONE

Question 50

indication for momemtazone

Answer 50

allergic rhinitis | nasal polyp therapy