Flashcards in Drug Therapy for: Constipation and Elimination Problems Deck (29)
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Psyllium (Metamucil): Class
bulk forming laxative
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Psyllium (Metamucil): Acts within
- 12-24 hours
- asses for constipation relief withing 12-72 hours
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Psyllium (Metamucil): Action
- pulls excess water into the intestinal lumen
- stimulates bowel elimination by adding bulk and size to feces
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Psyllium (Metamucil): What does it treat?
- occasional constipation or irregular bowel
- diarrhea
- can be used with dieting to decrease cholesterol
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Psyllium (Metamucil): a/e
- severe gas or bloating
- ab cramps
- esophageal or bowel obstruction
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Psyllium (Metamucil): What should I do when taking this drug?
take it with enough water of another liquid because it can cause obstruction in the GI tract without it
7
Mineral Oil: class
lubricant laxative
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Mineral Oil: action
- lubricates the poop
- slows absorption of water out of poop
BOTH TO SOFTEN DRY POOP
- takes 6-8 hours to come into effect
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Mineral Oil: Whats the best method to take it?
It is best to use it as a retention enema because oral admin has a lot of a/e
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Mineral Oil: a/e (especially with oral)
- lipid pneumonia
- decreased fat soluble vitamin absorption (A,D,E and K)
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Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): class
stimulant cathartic
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Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): action
- irritate GI mucosa to pull water into the bowel lumen
- moves poop through the bowel too fast for colonic absorption resulting in watery stool
- 6-12 hours to take effect if oral
- 15min - 1hour anal
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Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): What is it used for?
- constipation relief
- med exam and surgery prep
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Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): a/e
- ab pain and cramps
- nausea
- diarrhea (obviously)
- weakness
15
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): What shouldn't I take it with? How should it be taken?
Milk because it increases stomach pH causing early release of coating. Don't take it within an hour of ingesting milk.Take it on an empty stomach or at bedtime
16
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax): When inserting rectal suppository what finger should be used?
insert it the full length of the index finger
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Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia): action
- increases osmotic pressure in the intestinal lumen / causes water to be retained
- retained water causes distention and peristalsis increases causing semi-fluid stool
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Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia): When should it be used?
When rapid stool evacuation is needed because effects occur in 1/2 hour - 6 hours
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Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia): class
saline cathartic
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Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia): Used for
short term treatment of:
-constipation
- bowel cleansing before exam
- fecal impaction
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Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solution (GoLytely): action
rapid and effective bowel cleansing without significant changes in water or electrolyte balance
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Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solution (GoLytely): action time
30-60 minutes or within 4 hours
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Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solution (GoLytely): How can it taste better and potency be retained?
refrigerate it
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Docusate Sodium (Colace): action
- decreases surface tension of poop to allow more water into it
- mixes fat and water in the stool (detergent action)
- little to no laxative effect
- take 1-3 days and should be taken daily
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Docusate Sodium (Colace): Main purpose
prevent straining while pooping by softening the stool
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Lactulose: action
- pulls water into intestinal lumen
- decreases production of ammonia in the intestine
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Lactulose: Is used to treat
constipation and hepatic encephalopathy (ammonia accumulation)
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Lactulose: Treatment goal
2-3 soft stools daily
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