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ALS COMPETITION/ Paramedic school > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Epinephrine uses 1:1000

A
  • anaphylaxis
  • epi infusion for allergic reaction not responding to IM
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2
Q

Epinephrine 1:1000 dose allergic reaction

A

(1mg/ml)
adult: 0.3mg/3ml IM
peds: 0.15mg/1.5ml IM

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3
Q

Epinephrine 1:1000 infusion dose

A
  • 1mg/250ml D5W = 4mcg/ml start at 2mcg/min and can titrate up to 10 mcg/min
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4
Q

epinephrine 1:10,000 uses

A
  • cardiac arrest (VFIB, PVTACH, PEA, TORSADES, ASYSTOLE)
  • racemic epi
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5
Q

epinephrine 1:10,000 doses

A

cardiac arrest:
(0.1mg/ml)
adult: 1mg/10ml every 3-5 minutes IV/IO
pediatric: 0.01 mg/kg every 3-5 minutes IV/IO

racemic epinephrine:
(0.1mg/ml)
adult: 0.3mg of 1:10,000 3mls in neb @6lpm (bronchial asthma)
Pediatric: 0.5mg of 1:10,000 5mls in neb @6lpm blow by (croup)

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6
Q

amiodarone uses

A
  • VT/VF cardiac arrest (push)
  • Vtach with a pulse (drip)
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7
Q

amiodarone dose cardiac arrest

A

50mg/ml
adult: 300mg/6ml IV/IO push first dose, 150mg/3ml IV/IO second dose
Pediatric: 5mg/kg IV/IO push, 15mg/kg max

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8
Q

amiodarone Vatch with a pulse dose

A

(50mg/ml)
adults: 150mg/50ml 10gtts/ml set @1 drop a second
pediatric: 5mg/kg –> buretrol @20mls 1gtts/sec

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9
Q

lidocaine uses

A
  • cardiac arrest, alternate to amiodarone
  • RSI with ICP, pair with mannitol
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10
Q

lidocaine cardiac arrest dose

A

adult: 1-1.5 mg/kg repeat up to three times max 3mg/kg VT/VF IV/IO
pediatric: 1mg/kg repeat after 15 minutes VF/VT IV/IO

maintenance infusion:
adult: 1-4 mg/min (1mg if liver issues)
pediatric: 20-50 mcg/kg/min

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11
Q

lidocaine rsi w/ icp dose

A

adult: 1-1.5 mg/kg
pediatric: 1 mg/kg

pair with mannitol

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12
Q

adenosine uses

A

SVT

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13
Q

adenosine dose

A

3mg/ml
adult: 6mg, second dose 12mg
pediatric: 0.1mg/kg (max 6mg), seconds dose 0.2mg/kg (max 12 mg)

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14
Q

aspirin uses

A
  • chest pain suggestive of ACS
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15
Q

aspirin dose

A

81mg tablets
adult: up to 4 doses 324mg
pediatric: X
* do not give to pts with stomach ulcers or asthma*

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16
Q

atropine uses

A
  • bradycardia
  • RSI in pediatrics
  • organophosphate poisoning
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17
Q

atropine bradycardia doses

A

(1mg/10ml)
bradycardia:
adults: 0.5 mg IV 3-5 minutes max dose 3mg
pediatrics: 0.02 mg/kg minimum 0.1mg maximum single dose 0.5mg, total max 1mg

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18
Q

atropine RSI in pediatrics

A

(1mg/10ml)
0.02 mg/kg minimum 0.1mg maximum 0.5mg

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19
Q

atropine organophosphate poisoning dose

A

(1mg/10ml)
2mg+ as much needed to stop symptoms.

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20
Q

magnesium sulfate uses

A
  • hypomagnesemia
  • eclampsia
  • torsade’s de pointes
  • asthma
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21
Q

magnesium sulfate hypomagnesemia doses

A

(0.5mg/ml)
adult: 1g IV
pediatric: 20-50 mg/kg IV/IO

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22
Q

magnesium sulfate eclampsia dose

A

(0.5mg/ml)
4g/50ml D5W @2gtts/min

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23
Q

magnesium sulfate torsade’s de pointes dose

A

(0.5mg/ml)
adults: 1-2g push pulseless
pulses: infusion 1g/100ml NS macro drip, if unstable defibrillate

Pediatrics: 25-50 mg/kg Iv push if pulseless max 2g

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24
Q

magnesium sulfate asthma/status asthmaticus dose

A

(0.5mg/ml)
adult: 2g/50ml NS over 10 minutes
pediatrics: 30-60 mg/kg/50ml NS over 15 minutes

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25
Q

D10 drip

A

(100mg/ml)
adults: 25g/250ml over 5-10 minutes (macro drip set)
pediatrics: 6ml/kg/250ml over 5-10 minutes (macro drip set)

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26
Q

dextrose

A

adult: 25g D50
pediatrics: 0.5/1g/kg of D25
infant: 200-500mg/kg D10

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27
Q

dopamine drip uses

A
  • hypotension/ hypotension with low cardiac output
    states
  • cardiogenic shock
  • septic shock and distributive shock
  • second line for symptomatic bradycardia
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28
Q

dopamine drip dose

A

(400mg/250ml)
adults and pediatrics:
5-20mcg/kg/min titrated to patient response, use the clock method to determine gtts/min

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29
Q

calcium gluconate gel uses and dose

A
  • hydrofluoric burns
  • black widow bites (use with a benzodiazepine in case patient has a seizure)

2.5% paste use all

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30
Q

albuterol uses

A
  • bronchospasm (COPD, Asthma, allergic reaction)
  • hyperkalemia
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31
Q

albuterol dose

A

adults: 2.5 mg 3mls neb
pediatrics: 1.25 mg neb for <20kg above 20kg get adult dose

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32
Q

Atrovent use and dose

A

bronchospasm with albuterol treatment
adult and pediatric: 0.5 mg in 3 mls

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33
Q

Duo dote single pen use

A

organophosphate posioning

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34
Q

duo dote drugs and dose

A

atropine, pralidoxime chloride

adults: 1 duodote pen injector IM for mild symptoms; 2 more pens may be administered for more severe symptoms. Max 3 pens

pediatrics: for pts weighing over 41kg (90lbs) three pens may be used as well

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35
Q

ryanodex uses.

A

malignant hyperthermia

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36
Q

ryanodex dose

A

250mg per vial
adults and peds: 2.5 mg/kg IV over 1 minute

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37
Q

glucagon uses

A
  • hypoglycemia
  • beta blocker OD
  • steakhouse syndrome
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38
Q

glucagon dose hypoglycemia

A

(1mg/unit)
adults: 0.5-1 mg IM may be repeated twice
pediatrics: <20kg; 0.02mg/kg IM pts over 20kg adult dose

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39
Q

glucagon dose beta blocker OD

A

(1mg/unit)
adults: 3-10mg Iv bolus over 1-2 minutes, rebolus if no response
pediatric: 0.05-0.15 mg/kg

followed by infusion:
adult: 3-5mg/hr
pediatric: 0.05-0.1 mg/kg hr

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40
Q

glucagon steakhouse syndrome

A

(1mg/ml)
adults: 1 mg IV/IM
pediatrics: for peds >20kg ; 0.02 mg/kg IM Pts over 20kg 1 mg IM

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41
Q

Plavix uses

A
  • blood thinner in the event of a heart attack or stroke
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42
Q

plavix dose

A

75mg per pill
adults: 300mg lading dose PO
pediatrics: 1mg/kg max 75mg/day PO

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43
Q

methylene blue uses

A
  • methemoglobin levels above 20% need to be treated, caused by nitrate inhalant or benzocaine topical
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44
Q

methylene blue dose

A

(5mg/ml)
adult: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg slow IV push, repeat dose if level is higher than 30% @1 mg/kg
pediatrics: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg slow IV push, repeat dose if level is higher than 30% @1mg/kg

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45
Q

Pitocin use

A
  • postpartum bleeding
  • labor induction
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46
Q

Pitocin dose postpartum bleeding

A

(10u per ml)
10-40u max 40u IV push

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47
Q

Pitocin labor induction

A

(10u per ml)
0.5-1u/min titrate 1-2m until normal contractions

48
Q

Haldol use and dose

A

acute psychotic episode
adults: 2-5mg IM

49
Q

phentolamine use

A
  • dopamine, epi, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine
    infiltration
  • nonselective adrenergic antagonist
50
Q

phentolamine dose

A

(5mg/vial)
adults: 5mg IV
pediatrics: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg max 10 mg

51
Q

TXA uses

A
  • bleeding control
  • hemorrhagic shock
    cannot be used for intracranial bleeding
52
Q

TXA dose

A

(100mg/ml)
adult: 1g bolus in 100mls over 10 minutes
pediatric: 20 mg/kg IV bolus over 10 minutes

53
Q

vasopressin uses

A
  • hypotension
54
Q

vasopressin doses

A

(20u/ml)
adults: 40 units IV push
pediatric: 0.4u/kg MAX 40 units

55
Q

oral glucose dose

A

adults: 15g = 1 tubes
pediatric: 15g = 1 tube for children older than 2

56
Q

versed uses

A
  • seizure control
  • sedation post et tube
  • sedation in general
57
Q

versed dose seizure control IM/IN

A

(1mg/ml)
adults: 0.2 mg/kg IM/IN w/ 10mg MAXIMUM
pediatric: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IN/IM (2mg per max dose, may be repeated once

max 1cc per nostril

58
Q

versed sedation for intubation IV

A

(1mg/ml)
adult: 2-4mg IV 2.5
pediatric: 0.05-0.5 mg/kg IV

59
Q

fentanyl uses

A
  • pain management
60
Q

fentanyl dose

A

(50mcg/ml)
adults: 50mcg per IV push max 150mcg
pediatrics: 1-2mcg/kg IV push my be repeated max 4mcg/kg cumulative

61
Q

labetalol use

A

hypertension

62
Q

labetalol dose

A

adult: 10mg IV; infusion 2-8 mg/min

63
Q

valium use

A
  • alcohol withdraw
  • seizures
  • anxiety
64
Q

valium dose

A

adults: 5mg
pediatric: 0.2-0.5 mg

65
Q

ketamine uses

A
  • RSI
  • excited delirium
  • pain management
66
Q

ketamine dose RSI

A

(50mg/ml)
adults: 1-2 mg/kg IV
pediatric: 1-2 mg/kg max 100 mg

Avoid use in hypertension

67
Q

ketamine dose excited delirium

A

(50mg/ml)
adult: 400mg IM/IV slow iv

68
Q

ketamine dose pain management

A

(50mg/ml)
adults and pediatric: 0.5 mg/kg IN or 1-2 mg/kg IV/IO, dilute with 10ml NS

max single dose 25 mg

69
Q

etomidate uses

A
  • RSI
70
Q

etomidate dose

A

(2mg/ml)
adults: 0.2-0.6 mg/kg IV/IO (20-30mg)
pediatrics: 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV/IO max dose 20mg

71
Q

rocuronium uses

A
  • RSI with head trauma or suspected ICP
72
Q

rocuronium dose

A

(1mg/ml)
adult: 1 mg/kg IV push
pediatrics: 0.6 mg/kg (1st dose), 0.075-0.125 mg/kg (second dose)

73
Q

succinylcholine use

A
  • RSI paralytic
  • myasthenia gravis (communication between nerves and muscles break down)
74
Q

succinylcholine doses

A

(20mg/ml)
RSI:
adults: 1.5 mg/kg IV; 4 mg/kg IM
pediatric: 1mg/kg max 150 mg

myasthenia gravis:
2 mg/kg IV

75
Q

vecuronium uses

A
  • RSI non depolarizing paralytic
76
Q

vecuronium dose

A

adult: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO
pediatrics: 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO

77
Q

morphine uses and dose

A
  • pain management
    adult: 1-5mg IV push
    pediatrics: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV MAX DOSE 5 mg IV/IO/IM
78
Q

cyanokit uses and dose.

A
  • cyanide poisoning
    adult: 5g IV over 15 minutes
    pediatrics: 70mg/kg
79
Q

zantac use and dose

A
  • ulcers, acid reflux
    adults: 50 mg IV/IM
    pediatrics: 2-4 mg/kg. IV max 50 mg
80
Q

acetaminophen (Tylenol) use and dose

A
  • fever
    adults: 1000mg/100mls
    pediatrics: 15 mg/kg PO one-time max dose 650mg
81
Q

ondansetron (Zofran) use and dose

A
  • antiemetic, N/V
    (4mg/2ml)

adult: 4mg IV/IM
pediatric: 6 months and 14years: 0.15 mg/kg IV/PO max dose 4mg

82
Q

diphenhydramine (Benadryl) uses

A
  • allergic reaction
  • dystonic reactions
  • phenothiazine OD (antipsychotic med_)
  • hyperemesis gravidarum (first trimester pregnant woman)
83
Q

diphenhydramine dose for allergic, dystonic and phenothiazine OD

A

(50mg/ml)
adult: 25-50 mg IV/IM
pediatric: 1-2 mg/kg IV/IM max 50 mg

84
Q

diphenhydramine dose for hyperemesis gravidarum

A

25-50 mg IV/IM

85
Q

nitroglycerin uses

A
  • chest pain related to ACS (to not give to RV infarction)
  • pulmonary edema
86
Q

nitroglycerin dose

A

(0.4mg/tablet/spray)
adults: 0.4 mg can be repeated x3

87
Q

furosemide (lasix) uses

A
  • pulmonary edema
  • CHF
88
Q

furosemide dose

A

(10mg/ml)
adults: 0.5-1 mg/kg IV (40mg)
pediatrics: 1mg/kg max 6mg/kg

89
Q

narcan use and dose

A
  • opioid overdose
    adults: 0.4-2 mg IV/IN/IO/IM/ET can be repeated 3 times max 10mg
    pediatrics: 0.1 mg/kg max 2 mg per dose
90
Q

solumedrol uses

A
  • allergic rections
  • asthma, copd, (reactive airway)
  • status asthmaticus
91
Q

solumedrol dose (same for all conditions)

A

(125mg/vial)
adults: 125 mg IV
pediatrics: 1-2 mg/kg IV max 60 mg

92
Q

cardizem uses

A
  • afib
    -aflutter
93
Q

Cardizem doses

A

adult: 0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes, epeated dose 0.35 mg/kg after 15 minutes
PUSH OVER 2 MINUTES

94
Q

flumazenil (romazicon) use and dose

A
  • benzodiazepine OD

adults: 0.01 mg/kg max single doe 0.2 mg
max total 0.5-1mg

95
Q

mannitol uses

A
  • cerebral edema
  • rhabdomyolysiss
  • blood transfusion
96
Q

mannitol doses (all the same)

A

adult: 0.5-1g/kg IV infusion over 30 minutes
pediatric: 0.5-1g/kg IV infusion over 30 minutes

97
Q

calcium chloride uses

A
  • hypocalcemia
  • calcium channel blocker OD
    -hypermagnesemia
  • hyperkalemia
98
Q

calcium chloride hypocalcemia dose

A

(1g/10ml)
adult: 500-1g IV over 5-10 minutes
pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg Iv

99
Q

calcium chloride calcium channel blocker OD dose

A

(1g/10ml)
adults: 500-1g IV
pediatrics: 20 mg/kg IV

100
Q

calcium chloride hypermagnesemia dose

A

(1g/10ml)
adults: 500-1g IV
pediatrics: 10-20 mg/kg IV

101
Q

calcium chloride hyperkalemia dose

A

(1g/10ml)
adults: 500-1g IV
pediatrics: 20mg/kg max 1 gram

102
Q

thiamine uses

A
  • alcohol intoxication
  • Wernicke Kosoff syndrome (alcohol abuse)
  • beriberi (thiamine defficency)
103
Q

thiamine alcohol abuse dose

A

(100mg/ml)
adults: 100mg IV

104
Q

thiamine beriberi dose

A

(100mg/ml)
adults: 10-20 mg IM
pediatrics: 10-25 mg IV/IM

105
Q

activated charcoal use and dose

A
  • oral, medication poisoning

adults: 1-2 g/kg PO/NG tube
peds is same

106
Q

acetylcysteine (mucomyst) use and dose

A
  • acetaminophen overdose
    adults & pediatrics: 300 mg/kg over 3 portions, loading dose is 150mg/kg over one hour
    second dose 50 mg/kg given over 4 hours
    third dose is 100mg/kg infused over 16 hours
107
Q

norepinephrine (levophed) uses and dose

A
  • septic shock, hypotension

adults: 0.1-0.5 mcg/min IV infusion
pediatrics: 0.1-2 mcg/kg IV

108
Q

sodium bicarbonate uses

A
  • metabolic acidosis
    -Tricycliticantidepressant overdose
  • aspirin OD
    -phenobarbital OD
  • hyperkalemia
  • crush injuries
109
Q

sodium bicarbonate dose (all the same)

A

adult & pediatric: 1 mEq/kg *dilute to 4.2% for kids)

110
Q

terbutaline sulfate use and dose

A

adult: 0.24 mg subq
not recommended for pediatrics under 12

111
Q

Toradol use and dose

A
  • pain management
    -NSAID

adult: 30-60 mg IM/ 15-30 mg IV
pediatric: x

112
Q

Ativan uses

A
  • status epilepticus
  • anxiety sedation
113
Q

Ativan status epilepticus dose

A

adult: 0.1 mg/kg *max 4 mg IV/IM
pediatric: 0.05 mg/kg IV/IM

114
Q

Ativan anxiety sedation dose

A

adult: 2mg IV, 4 mg IM

115
Q

metoprolol uses and considerations

A
  • hypertension
  • paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
  • myocardial ischemia and damage in pts w/ AMI
  • do not give to patients with heart failure 2nd, 3rd HB, bradycardia, or in cardiogenic shock*
116
Q

captopril use and dose

A
  • ace inhibitor
  • hypertension
  • left ventricular dysfunction following stemi, diabetic neuropathy

adults: 12.5-25 mg PO
pediatrics: 0.3-0.5, infants 0.15-0.3, neonates 0.05-0.1 mg PO

117
Q

pralidoxime uses and dose

A
  • organophosphate poisoning

adults: 600 mg IM X3/ 1-2g IV infusion 100ml
pediatrics: 15 mg/kg IM dose <40kg x3 max 45 mg/kg

ALS COMPETITION/ Paramedic school (8 decks)

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