Drugs Flashcards
(14 cards)
How does flumazenil work and what is it used for?
It is a GABA receptor antagonist and is used for the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose.
How does Atropine work and what is it used for?
It is a muscarinic antagonist which is used in the management of unstable bradycardia.
How does bromocriptine work and what is it used for?
It is a dopamine agonist which is used in the management of Parkinson’s disease and pituitary tumours.
Name inducers of the P450 system?
Inducers of the P450 system include:
antiepileptics: phenytoin, carbamazepine
barbiturates: phenobarbitone
rifampicin
St John’s Wort
chronic alcohol intake
griseofulvin
smoking (affects CYP1A2, reason why smokers require more aminophylline)
Name inhibitors of the P450 system?
Inhibitors of the P450 system include:
antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, erythromycin
isoniazid
cimetidine,omeprazole
amiodarone
allopurinol
imidazoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole
SSRIs: fluoxetine, sertraline
ritonavir
sodium valproate
acute alcohol intake
quinupristin
List the common drug causes of gynaecomastia?
Drug causes of gynaecomastia:
spironolactone (most common drug cause)
cimetidine
digoxin
cannabis
finasteride
GnRH agonists e.g. goserelin, buserelin
oestrogens, anabolic steroids
List drugs which may precipitate attack of AIP?
Drugs which may precipitate attack:
barbiturates
halothane
benzodiazepines
alcohol
oral contraceptive pill
sulphonamides
How does infliximab work and what is it used for?
Anti-TNF used in rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s
How does rituximab work and what is used for?
anti-CD20 used in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis
How does cetuximab work and what is used for?
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist: used in metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer
How does trastuzumab work and what is used for?
HER2/neu receptor antagonist: used in metastatic breast cancer
How does alemtuzumab work and what is used for?
Anti-CD52: used in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
How does abciximab work and what is used for?
glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist: prevention of ischaemic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions
How does OKT3 work and what is used for?
anti-CD3: used to prevent organ rejection
