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CRNI > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

acyclovir: max dose?

A

20mg/kg Q8’

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2
Q

cefepime: S/E?

A

phlebitis, bone marrow suppresion

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3
Q

Leucovorin indications?

A

methotrexate antidote, flourouracil adjunct

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4
Q

methotrexate dilution precaution?

A

must be preservative free

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5
Q

methotrexate filter?

A

0.2 micron

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6
Q

methotrexate toxicity antidote?

A

Leucovorin

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7
Q

amphotericin B dilutive?

A

D5W only

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8
Q

amphotericin B S/E?

A

fever, chills, anorexia, convulsions, diarrhea, H/A, phlebitis,

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9
Q

asparaginase precautions?

A

cytotoxic,

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10
Q

asparaginase S/E

A

thrombosis, pancreatitis

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11
Q

arsenic trioxide vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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12
Q

arsenic trioxide considerations?

A

a human carcinogen, ECG before Tx.

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13
Q

asparaginase vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant

A

nonvesicant

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14
Q

asparaginase S/E in children?

A

pancreatitis

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15
Q

asparaginase considerations?

A

intradermal test dose, ALS equipment

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16
Q

azacytidine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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17
Q

azacytidine S/E

A

injection site irritation

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18
Q

azacytidine considerations?

A

give within one hour of reconstitution

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19
Q

bendamustine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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20
Q

bendamustine S/E?

A

myelosuppression, severe skin reactions

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21
Q

bleomycin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

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22
Q

bleomycin dose?

A

10-20 units/m2

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23
Q

bleomycin lifetime cumulative dose?

A

400 units

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24
Q

bleomycin considerations?

A

test dose, pulmonary function test before each cycle.

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25
Q

bleomycin S/E?

A

hyperpigmentation, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis

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26
Q

carboplatin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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27
Q

amphotericin B filter size?

A

1.0 microns or larger

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28
Q

Carmustine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

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29
Q

Carmustine considerations?

A

thrombocytopenia is dose limiting, rapid infusion may cause burning along vein and skin to flush

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30
Q

Cisplatin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant, vesicant if concentrated

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31
Q

Cisplatin considerations?

A

adequate hydration before and after.

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32
Q

Cisplatin S/E?

A

severe N/V, renal impairment, myelosuppresion, tinnitus

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33
Q

ganciclovir and related (cidofovir, foscarnet) considerations?

A

infuse over at least 1 hour, hydration

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34
Q

cyclophosphamide vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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35
Q

cyclophosphamide considerations?

A

hydration, void often to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis

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36
Q

cytarabine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

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37
Q

cytarabine considerations?

A

steroid eye drops to prevent conjunctivitis, hydration

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38
Q

dacarbazine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

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39
Q

dacarbazine S/E

A

severe N/V, alopecia, photosensitivity

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40
Q

dacarbazine considerations?

A

prevent phlebitis, avoid sun, protect solution from light.

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41
Q

alkalize urine with?

A

methotrexate

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42
Q

Most common electrolyte imbalance with cisplatin?

A

hypo magnesium

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43
Q

dactinomycin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

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44
Q

dactinomycin S/E?

A

radiation recall

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45
Q

daunorubicin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

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46
Q

daunorubicin S/E

A

radiation recall

47
Q

daunorubicin considerations?

A

check cardiac ejection fraction, urine will look reddish

48
Q

daunorubicin maximum cumulative dose?

A

550 mg/m2

49
Q

decitabine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

50
Q

decitabine considerations?

A

use within 15 minutes of reconstitution

51
Q

docetaxel vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

52
Q

docetaxel S/E

A

hyperlacrimation

53
Q

docetaxel considerations?

A

give dexamethasone 3 days starting at 1 day before first dose, use non PVC sets

54
Q

doxorubicin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

55
Q

doxorubicin S/E?

A

hyperpigmentation of nail bed, radiation recall, flare reaction

56
Q

doxorubicin considerations?

A

MUGA scan (ejection), red urine,

57
Q

doxorubicin lifetime dose?

A

550mg/m2

58
Q

etopside considerations?

A

monitor for hypotension, drug my crystallize during infusion

59
Q

fluorouracil vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

60
Q

fluorouracil S/E?

A

darkened veins, photosensitivity, cerebellar ataxia, photophobia

61
Q

fluorouracil considerations?

A

avoid sun exposure, may increase warfarin effect

62
Q

gemcitabine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

63
Q

gemcitabine considerations?

A

give before cisplatin and after paclitaxel

64
Q

hydroxyurea vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

65
Q

hydroxyurea indications?

A

sickle cell, radiosensitizer

66
Q

hydroxyurea considerations?

A

crosses blood-brain barrier, may cause tumor lysis syndrome

67
Q

tumor lysis syndrome definition?

A

A potentially lethal complication of anticancer treatment,[11] tumor lysis syndrome occurs when large numbers of neoplastic cells are killed rapidly, leading to the release of intracellular ions and metabolic byproducts into the systemic circulation. Clinically, the syndrome is characterized by rapid development of hyperuricemia,[12] hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and acute renal failure. (See Pathophysiology, Etiology, Prognosis, Presentation, and Workup.)[13]

68
Q

tumor lysis syndrome treatment?

A

allopurinol

69
Q

natural penicillins (PCN G) indication?

A

penicillin sensitive organisms (meningitis, endocarditis)

70
Q

natural penicillins (PCN G) considerations?

A

monitor electrolyte balance, phlebigenic

71
Q

ampicillin considerations?

A

may deactivate in dextrose solutions

72
Q

nafcillin indications?

A

penicillinase producing staph.

73
Q

nafcillin considerations?

A

vesicant, monitor renal and liver

74
Q

epirubicin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

75
Q

epirubicin considerations?

A

administer through injection port of free flowing IV, urine will be pink-red for 1-2 days post

76
Q

etopside vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

77
Q

etopside considerations?

A

orthostatic hypotension if infused ,15”, monitor for drug crystallization

78
Q

fludarabine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

79
Q

fludarabine considerations?

A

for blood transfusions use irradiated blood products

80
Q

ifosfamide vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

81
Q

ifosfamide considerations?

A

pt. needs 2L of fluid, always give with mesna to protect bladder

82
Q

irinotecan vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

83
Q

irinotecan major S/E?

A

diarrhea, treat with atropine

84
Q

ixabepilone vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

85
Q

ixabepilone considerations?

A

DEHP free tubing, 0.2-1.2 micron filter, premedicate with diphenhydramine and H2 antagonist

86
Q

leucovorin max infusion rate?

A

160 ml/hr

87
Q

mechlorethamine (Mustargen) vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

88
Q

mechlorethamine (Mustargen) considerations?

A

15” stability

89
Q

mesna S/E?

A

taste alterations

90
Q

methotrexate considerations?

A

avoid folic acid

91
Q

streptozozin vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

92
Q

streptozozin considerations?

A

hydration, monitor for proteinuria, infuse slowly

93
Q

thiotepa vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

nonvesicant

94
Q

thiotepa considerations?

A

may cause sterility, pain at infusion site

95
Q

topotecan vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

irritant

96
Q

vinblastine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

97
Q

vinblastine considerations?

A

avoid grapefruit

98
Q

vincristine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

99
Q

vincristine considerations?

A

prolonged administration may cause ataxia, foot and wrist drop, muscle atrophy

100
Q

vinorelbine vesicant/nonvesicant/irritant?

A

vesicant

125
Q

filter size for mannitol?

A

170 microns

126
Q

cephalosporins major S/E?

A

itching, rash, nephrotoxicity, leukopenia, nausea, pain at insertion site

127
Q

carbapenems major S/E?

A

nausea, diarrhea, colitis, seizures, rash, puritis

128
Q

aminoglycosides major S/E?

A

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, rash

129
Q

tetracyclines S/E?

A

photosensitive

130
Q

macrolides (erythromycin) S/E?

A

abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, itching and pain along the vein

131
Q

quinolones (Cipro) S/E?

A

phlebitis, photosensitive

132
Q

chloramphenicol S/E?

A

aplastic anemia, optic neuritis, granulocytopenia, bone marrow suppresion, gray syndrome (neonates)

133
Q

daptomycin S/E?

A

rhabdomyolysis, eosinophilic pneumonia

134
Q

daptomycin considerations?

A

monitor creatine kinase weekly

135
Q

linezolid (Zyvox) S/E?

A

myelosuppresion, neuropathy, lactic acidosis, serotonin syndrome

136
Q

rifampin indications?

A

TB

137
Q

rifampin S/E?

A

hepatotoxicity, flu-like symptoms, flushing, puritis, red-orange body fluids.

CRNI (5 decks)

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