Drugs Affecting the Respiratory System

Question 1

responsible for PROCESSING the O2 into the blood system and EXHALING CO2

Answer 1

respiratory system

Question 2

2 major parts of the respiratory system

Answer 2

upper and lower respiratory system

Question 3

consists of the pharynx, tonsil, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea

Answer 3

upper respiratory system

Question 4

consists of the lungs, bronchial tubes, pleura, diaphragm, alveolus

Answer 4

lower respiratory system

Question 5

common respiratory disorders

Answer 5

1. asthma
2. chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)
3. cystic fibrosis
4. tuberculosis

Question 6

asthma pertains to the __________________ narrowing and inflammation of the airway caused by _______________

Answer 6

episodic narrowing and inflammation caused by stimuli

Question 7

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Answer 7

COPD

Question 8

thick secretion excreted into the lung

Answer 8

cystic fibrosis

Question 9

tuberculosis is an infection caused by ___________________________________

Answer 9

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 10

T/F: COPD is irreversible and progressive while ASTHMA is reversible and episodic

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

use of controller drugs

Answer 11

prevent asthma episodes

(CE –> control episode)

Question 12

use of reliever drugs

Answer 12

specifically for asthma attack

(RA –> relieve attack)

Question 13

emphysema affects which part of the respiratory system?

Answer 13

alveoli

Question 14

T/F: We can give NSAIDs to asthmatic patients along with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

Answer 14

FALSE (do not give NSAIDs)

Question 15

Drugs used in asthma

Answer 15

1. bronchodilators
2. anti-inflammatory agents
3. leukotriene antagonist

Question 16

drugs under bronchodilators

Answer 16

1. beta 2 agonist
2. methylxanthines
3. muscarinic antagonist

Question 17

drugs under anti-inflammatory agents

Answer 17

1. release inhibitors
2. antibodies
3. steroids

Question 18

drugs under leukotriene antagonist

Answer 18

1. LOX inhibitor
2. receptor inhibitor

Question 19

condition caused by inflammation of the airways or constrictions

Answer 19

asthma

Question 20

asthma treatment involves?

Answer 20

1. dilation of airway
2. reduction of inflammation

Question 21

T/F: Sympathomimetic agents cause bronchoconstriction

Answer 21

FALSE: bronchodilation

Question 22

sympathomimetic agents are what type of agonist

Answer 22

adrenoreceptor agonist

Question 23

sympathomimetic agents stimulate adenylyl cyclase (AC) causing ________________________

Answer 23

increase in the formation of intracellular cAMP

Question 24

sympathomimetic agents binds to _____________________ stimulating cAMP in the smooth muscle –> relaxation and inhibit release of bronchoconstriction mediators from mast cells

Answer 24

beta-receptor

Question 25

enumerate the sympathomimetic agents

Answer 25

1. epinephrine 2. ephedrine 3. isoproterenol 4. beta-selective drugs (SABA, LABA, U-LABA)

Question 26

enumerate the SABA drugs

Answer 26

AlTeMePir: Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Pirbuterol

Question 27

enumerate the LABA drugs

Answer 27

ForSal: Formeterol (full agonist) and Salmeterol (partial agonist)

Question 28

enumerate the U-LABA drugs

Answer 28

InOlVi: Indacaterol, Olodaterol, Vilanterol

Question 29

sympathomimetic agents are best delivered through what route?

Answer 29

inhalation

Question 30

Rapid-acting bronchodilator when injected SC or as inhaled as micro aerosol

Answer 30

epinephrine

Question 31

epinephrine is a rapid-acting bronchodilator when injected _________________ or as ____________________

Answer 31

subcutaneously or inhaled as micro aerosol

Question 32

epinephrine max bronchodilation is achieved ______________________ inhalation and last for _______________________

Answer 32

15 minutes after ; last for 60-90 minutes

Question 33

stimulates alpha, B1, & B2 receptors

Answer 33

epinephrine

Question 34

as epinephrine stimulates alpha, B1, & B2 receptors, it may cause?

Answer 34

TAW: tachycardia, arrhythmia, worsening of angina pectoris

Question 35

epinephrine may also be used for treating ___________________, ______________, and ________________________

Answer 35

acute vasodilation, shock, and bronchospasm of anaphylactic shock

Question 36

compared to epinephrine, ephedrine has a ____________________ DOA

Answer 36

longer

Question 37

has a more pronounced central activity and a much lower potency

Answer 37

ephedrine

Question 38

infrequently used in the management of asthma

Answer 38

ephedrine

Question 39

a sympathomimetic agent that is a potential nonselective B1 & B2 bronchodilator

Answer 39

isoproterenol

Question 40

rarely used for asthma

Answer 40

isoproterenol

Question 41

isoproterenol _______________________ causes bronchodilation within ___________________

Answer 41

80-120 mcg; 5 minutes

Question 42

DOA of isoproterenol

Answer 42

60-90 minutes