DRUGS AND ALCOHOL ABUSE

Question 1

The drugs which are commonly abused are _____, _____ and ______

Answer 1

opioids, cannabinoids and coca alkaloids

Question 2

Majority of drugs are obtained from ________ while some are obtained from ___________

Answer 2

flowering plants, fungi

Question 3

Opioids are drugs which bind to specific opioid receptors present in ________

Answer 3

Central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract

Question 4

Heroin is commonly called ______________

Answer 4

smack

Question 5

4 props. of Heroin

Answer 5

1. Chemically diacetylmorphine
2. White
3. Odourless
4. Bitter crystalline compound

Question 6

Heroin is obtained by ________ of morphine

Answer 6

Acetylation

Question 7

Morphine is extracted from ____________

Answer 7

the latex of poppy plant Papaver somniferum

Question 8

Heroin is generally taken by ____ and _______

Answer 8

snorting, injection

Question 9

Heroin is a ____ and ________ body functions

Answer 9

depressant, slows down

Question 10

Cannabinoids are a group of chemicals which interact with ____________ present principally in the ____

Answer 10

cannabinoid receptors, brain

Question 11

Natural cannabinoids are obtained from ___________

Answer 11

inflorescences of the plant Cannabis sativa

Question 12

The ________, ________ and the ________ of cannabis plant are used in various combinations

Answer 12

flower tops, leaves, resin

Question 13

Cannabinoids are used to produce ________(4)

Answer 13

marijuana, hashish, charas and ganja

Question 14

Cannabinoids are generally taken by ________ and __________

Answer 14

inhalation, oral ingestion

Question 15

Cannabinoids are known for their effects on __________

Answer 15

cardiovascular system of the body

Question 16

____________ or ________ is obtained from coca plant Erythroxylum coca

Answer 16

Coca alkaloid , cocaine

Question 17

Erythroxylum coca is native to __________

Answer 17

South America

Question 18

Cocaine interferes with the ____________

Answer 18

transport of the neuro-transmitter dopamine

Question 19

Cocaine is commonly called ____ or __________

Answer 19

coke, crack

Question 20

Cocaine is usually ____________

Answer 20

snorted

Question 21

Cocaine has a potent ________ action on central nervous system , producing a sense of _________

Answer 21

stimulating, euphoria and increased energy

Question 22

Excessive dosage of cocaine causes _________

Answer 22

hallucination

Question 23

Well-known plants with hallucogenic properties are ________ and ________

Answer 23

Atropa belladona, Datura

Question 24

These days ________ are also being abused by some sportspersons

Answer 24

cannabinoids

Question 25

________________(3) are normally used as medicines to help patients cope with mental illnesses like depression and insomnia

Answer 25

Barbiturates, amphetamines, benzodiazepines

Question 26

____________ is a very effective sedative and painkiller and is very useful for patients who have undergone surgery

Answer 26

Morphine

Question 27

Drug absue impairs one's ____________(3) functions

Answer 27

Physical, physiological or psychological

Question 28

Tobacco has been used by human beings for more than _________

Answer 28

400 years

Question 29

Tobacco is ___, _______ or used as a _______

Answer 29

smoked, chewed, snuff

Question 30

Tobacco contains a large no. of chemical substances including ________, an alkaloid

Answer 30

nictoine

Question 31

Nicotine stimulates ________ to release ____________ into blood circulation, both of which raise blood pressure and increase heart rate

Answer 31

adrenal gland, adrenaline and nor-adrenaline

Question 32

Smoking is associated with increased incidence of ________(7)

Answer 32

cancers of lung, urinary bladder and throat, bronchitis, emphysema, coronary heart disease, gastric ulcer

Question 33

Tobacco chewing is associated with __________

Answer 33

increased risk of cancer of the oral cavity

Question 34

Smoking increases ____________ content in blood and reduces the conc. of __________

Answer 34

Carbon monoxide(CO), haembound oxygen

Question 35

Adolescence means both ____ and ________

Answer 35

a period, a process

Question 36

____________ of age may be thought of as adolescence period

Answer 36

12-18 years

Question 37

____________(3) are the common causes which motivate youngsters towards drug and alcohol use

Answer 37

Curiosity, need for adventure and excitement, and experimentation

Question 38

Addiction is a psychological attachment to certain effects - such as euphoria and a temporary feeling of well-being associated with drugs and alcohol | True/false

Answer 38

True

Question 39

With repeated use of drugs , the tolerance level of receptors present in our body increases/decreases

Answer 39

Increases

Question 40

As a consequence of increase in tolerance level . the receptors respond only to higher/lower of drugs or alcohol leading to ____________

Answer 40

higher, greater intake and addiction

Question 41

What is dependency?

Answer 41

Tendency of the body to manifest a characteristic and unpleasant withdrawal syndrome if regular dose of drugs/alcohol is abruptly discontinued

Question 42

What is withdrawal syndrome characterised by? | 4

Answer 42

Anxiety, shakiness, nausea and sweating

Question 43

Withdrawal syndrome is relieved when _____________

Answer 43

use is resumed again

Question 44

In some cases, withdrawal symptoms can be severe and even life threatening | True/false

Answer 44

True

Question 45

The immediate adverse effects of drugs and alcohol abuse are ________________(3)

Answer 45

reckless behaviour, vandalism, violence

Question 46

Excessive doses of drugs may lead to ____________(3)

Answer 46

coma and death due to respiratory failure ; heart failure ; cerebral hemorrhage

Question 47

Combination of drugs or their intake along with alcohol generally results in ________ and even deaths

Answer 47

overdosing

Question 48

Those who take drugs intravenously (direct injection into the vein) are much more likely to acquire serious infections like ________ and _________

Answer 48

AIDS and Hepatitis B

Question 49

Both AIDS and Hepatitis B are ____ and _____________

Answer 49

chronic infections and ultimately fatal

Question 50

2 ways to transmit both AIDS and Hepatitis B

Answer 50

Sexual contact or infected blood

Question 51

Chronic use of drugs and alcohol damages nervous system and liver ( ________)

Answer 51

Cirrhosis

Question 52

Sportsmen misuse ________, ________, ________ and ________ to increase muscle strength and bulk and to promote aggressiveness and as a result increase athletic performance

Answer 52

narcotic analgesics, anabolic steroids, diuretics and certain hormones

Question 53

Side-effects of the use of anabolic steroids in females include ____(8)

Answer 53

masculinisation, abnormal menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth on the face and body, enlargement of clitoris, deeping of voice, increased aggressiveness, mood swings

Question 54

Side-effects of use of anabolic steroids in males include ________(10)

Answer 54

Acne, increased aggressiveness, mood swings, depression, reduction of size of the testicles, decreased sperm production, potential for kidney and liver dysfunction, breast enlargement, premature baldness, enlargement of prostate gland

Question 55

Effects of anabolic steroids may be ________ with prolonged use

Answer 55

permanent