Drugs of Abuse

Question 1

Opioids (i.e. Heroin) (w/ sign of use)

Answer 1

mu-opioid receptor agonist (mu –> Gi/o)

SIGN OF USE: pinpoint pupils

Question 2

Ethanol

Answer 2

CNS depressant

facilitates GABA & inhibits GLU

Question 3

Benzodiazepines

Answer 3

CNS depressant
facilitates GABA fxn
ONLY VERY RARE RESP DEPRESSION
FLUMAZENIL TX for Tox

Question 4

Barbiturates

Answer 4

CNS depressant

facilitates GABA fxn & inhibits GLU

Question 5

Cocaine

Answer 5

CNS stimulant

inhibits monoamine reuptake transporters

Question 6

Amphetamine, Methamphetamine

Answer 6

CNS stimulant

stimulate monoamine release

Question 7

Nicotine

Answer 7

CNS stimulant

nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonist

Question 8

Marijuana

Answer 8

Cannabinoid

Cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist

Question 9

Opioid Tox/TX/Dep/WD

Answer 9

Resp depression –> coma
TX: naloxone
Tol develops rapidly (but NOT to constipation)
Dep develops rapidly
WD: miserable BUT RARELY LIFE THREATENING, use Clonidine (- SNS) and methadone (via cross depency)

Question 10

CNS Depressants Tox/TX/Dep/WD

Answer 10

Resp depression –> coma (but RARE with DBZ)
TX: supportive, Flumazenil for BNZ
Tol rapid (Barbs > ethanol, BDZ)
Dep within weeks
WD: Lethal seizures SIG RISK OF MORTALITY, TX: BDZ subsitution

Question 11

CNS Stimulants Tox/TX/Dep/WD

Answer 11

SNS Overactivity/seizures
TX: cardiovascular support - VASODILATORS
Some possible effects
Tol: PARANOIA