DT - Theory Flashcards
(17 cards)
Explain why metals are alloyed (2)
-Where a mixture of at least 2 metals are combined to give enhanced properties
-Alloying metal can improve the aesthetic or working properties of a material
-E.G. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc made for musical instruments
Give 2 advantages of using composite materials for packaging
-Improved resistance to water absorption
-Improved strength and stability of the container
Give 2 disadvantages of using composite materials for packaging
-Not always recycled so may end up in landfill
-Do not degrade easily if littered
Name one specific commercial manufacturing process
Laminating
What is laminating used for?
Bonding layers of veneers or laminas together to create a large flat board or a complex curved shape using a former.
Explain why ethical factors must be considered by a manufacturer when sourcing materials/components
Working conditions – the promotion and support of people and communities in developing countries to ensure they are not exploited, having a detrimental impact on education, health and general well-being.
Analyse and evaluate how oceanic pollution caused by a manufacturer, use and disposal of products can impact the environment
-Pesticides and fertilisers being
washed from the land by rain and
carried by rivers into the sea
-
Plastic which does not degrade is carried by rivers into the sea creating large pools of rubbish in the deep oceans where sea currents
converge.
-Oil and sewage pollution whilst better than in previous years, can still contaminate and pollute ecosystems and marine life
Analyse and evaluate how atmospheric pollution caused by a manufacturer, use and disposal of products can impact the environment
-Carbon dioxide emissions form vehicles using fossil fuels is known to lower air quality affecting the heath of the young, elderly and those with chronic breathing issues.
-Acid rain – the combination of
nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide
combine and fall as acid rain which
when carried by prevailing winds fall
raising acidity levels in lakes killing fish and marine life and also raising acidity in the soil destroying plant based life.
-Carbon monoxide contributes extensively to greenhouse gasses and raising the global temperature.
Explain why mass production is used (3)
-Highly suited to products that can be made using automated manufacturing techniques requiring minimal human involvement
-Where a large number of identical products are known to be needed, making it worthwhile setting up a dedicated production line.
-Used where efficient material use is paramount to ensure a cost effective product with minimal waste
Explain why batch production is used (3)
-Suited to small quantities of a product or slight variations of a product like home furnishings
-Batches can be in single figures or several hundred depending on what the product is
-Extensive use of jigs, templates and moulds to assure consistency
across a batch.
-Opportunities for CAD/CAM to allow flexibility in manufacturing
different batches of products.
What is an appropriate finishing technique to apply to a wooden toy?
Varnish
Outline the design features and/or manufacturing techniques that have made Alessi successful
-Unique products produced with a distinctive design flavour.
-Heavy focus on kitchen products and products for the household.
-Products make extensive use of stainless steel mixed with brightly
coloured polymers.
-A focus on high quality and hand crafted objects with help of machines
-They have fun designs imprinted on them
-An example includes the whistling bird kettle - made in 1985
Describe primary research (3)
-Involves the collection of research first-hand
-Information you have collected yourself and is completed by the author of the research
-Examples include questionnaires and surveys
Describe secondary research (3)
-Involves the use of data and research collected by another person or 3rd party
-Data and information presented by another person
-Examples include using books or watching TV programs and looking at the work of other designers for inspiration
Explain how nesting shapes and parts/lay planning helps improve material management (3)
-A process for planning and working out the best way to maximise the effective use of material and minimising waste as much as possible.
-By placing similar shapes and parts next to each other to minimise waste
-It involves Consideration of standard forms and sizes of available material to
ensure materials are sourced in the most cost-efficient form to minimise waste.
Explain how cutting techniques can help improve material management (3)
-Failure to consider material removed by saw cuts will make shapes being cut out of tolerance and having to be rejected
-Use of different coloured lines for cut and score lines in paper and boards to ensure fold flaps and glue flaps are created to ensure effective assembly
-Use of red line for cut and black lines for engrave lines on a laser cutter to avoid errors in pre-cut checks.
Describe how a material can be formed when making a prototype (3)
-Timber strips can be steamed to make them more pliable and easier to bend.
- The timber fibres are softened and bent without tearing or rupture
- Thin strips of timber can be laminated using a suitable adhesive using a former.
-Pressure is applied until the adhesive set and a change in shape is made.
