DTM Flashcards
Describe the population structure in stage 1 of the DTM…
high BR
high DR
low population
Describe the population structure in stage 2 of the DTM…
high BR
falling DR
rapidly increasing population
Describe the population structure in stage 3 of the DTM…
decreasing BR
decreasing DR
slowly rising population
Describe the population structure in stage 4 of the DTM…
low BR
low DR
stable population
Describe the population structure in stage 5 of the DTM…
very low BR
low DR
population falling (natural decrease)
Why is there a high BR and high DR in stage 1 countries?
- poor technology and no contraception
- high IMR so high FR
- high DR as no healthcare
Why is there a falling DR in stage 2 countries?
- education on basic sanitation
- imported knowledge from HICs
Why is there a falling BR and falling DR in stage 3 countries?
- more working women
- medical services such as vaccination
Why is there a low BR and low DR in stage 4 countries?
- high cost of raising children
- women focus on careers
- advanced medical provision
Why is there natural decrease in stage 5 countries?
- ageing population
- higher life expectancy
- higher DR than BR as older population
What are 3 limitations of the DTM?
- assumes all countries develop
- assumes countries develop at the same rate
- assumes (before 5th stage) that populations wont decline
- assumes all countries follow same BR patterns (eg China’s 1 child policy)
- assumes countries can’t go backwards
What is demographic dividend?
a higher working age population relative to the number of dependents, allows for economic growth
What are the benefits of a youthful population?
- more fit so more manual labour
- look after dependents
What are the disadvantages of a youthful population?
- informal sector so less taxes
- emigration (BUT remittances)
What is the FR in The Gambia?
4.78 / women
