Durkheim's functionalist theory

Question 1

Functionalist view on society

Answer 1

See society as a stable
social structure based on shared norms. This value consensus binds people together and creates a social solidarity

Question 2

Causes of criminality

Answer 2

Crime is inevitable in society. Some ppl poorly socialised and are likely to deviate.
Society contains subcultural groups. Have different norms and values compared to majority.
=> Shared rules of behaviour becomes less clear. Durkheim calls this anomie - normless

Question 3

Crime

Answer 3

They argue that crime can bring positive benefits to society. E.g jobs

Question 4

Functions of crime

Answer 4

1. Boundary maintenance - crime produces a reaction form society, uniting members against offenders reminding them of right and wrong
2. Social change - for society’s progression, new individuals must challenge existing norms and values with new ideas. At first seen as deviance
3. Safety valve - acting like a safety valve so crimes prevent worse crime and
   therefore benefit society.
4. Warning sign - deviancy highlights an institution isn’t functioning properly

Question 5

Strengths

Answer 5

Durkheim, the first person to recognise crime can have positive features for society.

Question 6

Weaknesses

Answer 6

Says society needs some crime. Doesn’t explain how much crime is needed.

Crime might be
functional for society. It
certainly isn’t functional
for victims.