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Block 7 Week 4 > DVT, A fib, PE > Flashcards

DVT, A fib, PE Flashcards

1
Q

If your patient has A fib, what are you most worried about?

A

congestive heart failure and stroke

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2
Q

What is the risk of stroke with A fib?

A

5X times more likely

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3
Q

What are the 2 types of stroke?

A

hemmorhagic and embolic

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4
Q

What is a hemorrhagic stroke?l-

A

BV breaks (25% of all strokes)

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5
Q

What is an embolic stroke?

A

something breaks off and is in the way

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6
Q

WHen people have a mechanical/artificial valve and have A fib, you cant use any (blank) but you can use (blank)

A

novel therapies

Coumadin

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7
Q

What is the leading cause of cardioembolic stroke?

A

non-valvular A

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8
Q

Risk of intracranial bleeding w/ anticoagulation therapy increases with age after (blank) in non-valvular AF

A

75

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9
Q

What are the novel oral anticoagulants?

A

Pradaxa, ELiquis Xeralto

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10
Q

What is the major risk of pradaxa?

A

GI bleeding

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11
Q

What is the target INR for A fib?

A

2-3

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12
Q

There are a lot of (blank) with coumadin so you can get an increase in INR and get bleeding

A

drug interaxns

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13
Q

THe lower the INR the more quickly your blood (blank)

A

clots!

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14
Q

What happens if you are on coumadin (warfarin) and you eat a lot of leafy green high in vit K veggies?

A

you replace the vit K that coumadin is trying to deplete so you wil decrease INR and get more clotting

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15
Q

What is the CHADS2 score?

A

A fib stroke risk

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16
Q

What does CHADS2 stand for?

A 
Congestive Heart failure
Hypertension 
Age (greater than 75)
Diabetes
Strokes/TIA (counts as 2 points)
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17
Q

If your Chad scores is greater than (blank) then you need to be on a blood thinner (not aspirin)

A

1

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18
Q

T or F

coumadin is better than aspirin for stroke prevention

A

T

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19
Q

How is pradaxa cleared in the body?

A

kidney

20
Q

If you have renal failure what NOAC drug cant you use?

A

Pradaxa (cuz cleared by kidney only)

21
Q

Coumadin is reduces strokes by (blank)

A

65%

22
Q

Risk of bleeding increases with (blank)

A

age

23
Q

What 2 drugs are used when placing stents?

A

Thomboxane and ADP inhibitors

24
Q

NOACs can all be used for (blank)

A

Atrial fib

25
Q

What are the three NOAC that are factor 10a inhibitors?

A

Xeralto
Pradaxa
Eliquis

26
Q

What do you pradaxa for?

A

AF pts (better than warfarin), PE and DVT

27
Q

What is the INR for a mitral valve replacement

A

2.5-3.5

28
Q

What is Ttr?

A

total therapeutic range

29
Q

Use of (blank) can drive up INR

A

antiobiotics

30
Q

How is eliquis cleared? so can you use this drug in renal failure?

A

stool liver and kidney

yes!

31
Q

How long does it take for coumadic to get therapeutic?

A

4-6 days

32
Q

Which drugs can be started right away?

A

Xareleto, pradaxa

33
Q

What are the risks for DVT?

A
  • long travel
  • people w/ recent surgery
  • hormone therapy
34
Q

What is the most common cause of death in pregnant women?

A

DVT

35
Q

What is the third leading cause of CV death (aside from MI and stroke)?

A

DVT

36
Q

DVT can be caused from problems in what?

A

protein C, protein S, factor 5 ledien, antilupus AC

37
Q

What is a pulseless electrical activity

A

when you see a perfect sinus rhythm but feel no pulse

38
Q

What can PATCHHH tell you and what does it stand for?

A 
Risk factors of PEA 
-PE
-Acidosis
-Tension pneumothorax
-Cardiac tapenade
-Hypovolemia
-Hypoxemia
-Hyperkalemia
(these need to be fixed to save someone with PEA)
39
Q

What are the symptoms of PE?

A

arrythmia, mild chest pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, low blood pressure

40
Q

When someone comes nto the ER with a PE what do you start?

A

IV heparin drip

41
Q

Why cant you use NOAC drugs for a PE in the ER?

A

because they have long half lifes that can be stopped immediately

42
Q

When do you use subQ heparin?

A

for PREVENTION of PE or DVT

43
Q

WHen can you give a PE patient novel drugs?

A

to send someone home after surgery

44
Q

ALL patients need to be on (Blank) before being transferred to pradaxa

A

Lovinox

45
Q

What is the dosage for Xaralto?

A

15mg 2 X day then 20mg 1/d after 20 days

46
Q

What is the dosage for eliguis?

A

10mg/2xd for 7 days and then 5mg 2/x day after that (for about 3 months) for PE

Block 7 Week 4 (7 decks)

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