Dynamic UK cities Flashcards
(54 cards)
what is London’s site like?
mostly flat
originally marshy but ideal for a port
what is London’s situation like?
in the UK close to Europe so trade is quick via sea
Romans first settled and bridges Thames at the last place it was shallow enough to cross
what is London’s connectivity like?
UK’s fastest rail services link London and major UK cities
London’s time zone helps it’s economic growth - can trade with Asia and New York
wide cultural connections
most major A roads and motorways lead to London
world’s second biggest airport at Heathrow
what proportion of the foreign born population in the UK live in London?
50%
what are the main challenges of increasing migrants in London?
planning and managing services different diseases educating migrants many don't speak english 70% born to foreign mothers
how is the migrant population distributed across London?
inner and outer London has intense diversity
what is the public perception of migration in London?
less hostile than the rest of UK
how has industrialisation affected London?
in 1981 the docks between tower bridge and the thames closed so ports moved downstream
by 2001 how many Londoners worked in industry?
7.5%
between 1971 and 81, how many people did inner London boroughs lose?
over 500,000
what sped up the process of sub urbanisation in London?
underground
electrification of surface rail
how have out of town shopping centres led to decentralisation?
as people move to the suburbs more out of town shopping centres spring up which are easier to access
how have retail parks led to decentralisation?
they are located near main roads so are easier to access
how have business parks led to decentralisation?
near main roads so products can be transported easier
how has online shopping led to decentralisation?
easier than going to shops and provides a wider range of products
what have the company westfield done to tempt people back into inner London?
developed shopping centres in inner London
how has increased divorce and marriage led to london growing?
people are single longer meaning more homes are needed
how has space caused re urbanisation in london?
closure of london’s docks and industries created space for development
how has investment caused re urbanisation in london?
large TNCs created jobs in financial and business services
how has gentrification caused re urbanisation in london?
many high income earners now prefer to live closer to work
how has studentification caused re urbanisation in london?
universities bring employment and student spending
what is being done to achieve sustainable transport in London?
2003 congestion charge-£12 daily for motorists in london
electrical vehicle charging points
what is being done to tackle employment issues in london?
employers allow workers to work from home 1-2 days weekly
flexible working hours
what is being done to achieve affordable housing in london?
builders must include a number of affordable homes in new estates
First Steps helps those on low income buy houses by offering shared ownership
