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PharCare > E. Coli > Flashcards

E. Coli Flashcards

1
Q

Causes mild dehydration and Causes enteritis

A

ETEC

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2
Q

has Clinical syndrome similar to Shigella dysentery

A

EIEC

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3
Q

Dysentery-like diarrhea with fever

A

EIEC

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4
Q

Elicits mucosal inflammation, epithelial necrosis, and ulceration

A

EIEC

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5
Q

primary cause of hemorrhagic colitis or bloody diarrhea

A

EHEC

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6
Q

2 Syndromes CAUSED by EHEC

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

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7
Q

Causes mucoid diarrhea and is often persistent

A

EAggEC

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8
Q

Starts with watery diarrhea and abdominal pain

A

EAggEC

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9
Q

Increases mucus secretion, which forms a layer overlying the epithelium of the small intestine

A

EAggEC

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10
Q

Bfp, Intimin

A

EPEC

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11
Q

STa, LT-I, EtpA, P Pili, Dr fimbriae

A

ETEC

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12
Q

No toxins; damages intestinal wall by Mechanical Cell destruction

A

EIEC

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13
Q

Shiga-like toxins; Intimin-Tir mediated attachment and effacement

A

EHEC

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14
Q

Bundle forming fimbriae, ST enterotoxins: EAST (Enteroaggregative Stable Enterotoxins) and SHET (Shigella Enterotoxins), Dispersins, Hemolysins,

A

EAggEC

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15
Q

Contaminated food, water, fomites

A

EPEC

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16
Q

Contaminated water, improperly treated drinking water, water

A

ETEC

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17
Q

Contaminated food and water

A

EIEC

EAggEC

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18
Q

Ingestion of contaminated food; person-person transmission

A

EHEC

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19
Q

Infectious dose of 10^6

A

EPEC

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20
Q

ID of 10^8 (elderly are susceptible to low doses)

A

ETEC

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21
Q

ID of 10^6 to 10^10

A

EIEC

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22
Q

low ID; 10 organisms by ingestion

A

EHEC

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23
Q

10^10 organisms (ID)

A

EAggEC

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24
Q

IP of 6-49 hours

A

EPEC

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25
Q

IP of 14-30 hours

A

ETEC

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26
Q

IP of 2-8 days

A

EHEC

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27
Q

IP of 2-48 hours

A

EIEC

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28
Q

IP of 8-18 hours

A

EAggEC

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29
Q

E. Coli in sorbitol MacConkey Agar

A

Colorless colonies

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30
Q

E. Coli in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar

A

Blue-black colonies with metallic green sheen

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31
Q

Identification for EPEC

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction
DNA hybridization methods (detection of EAF and gene encoding bfp)
Fluorescent Actin Staining

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32
Q

Presence of LT in E.Coli detected thru:

A 
Rabbit Ileal Loop Method
Adult Rabbit skin Method
Tissue Culture Tests
Serological Tests
Genetic Probes
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33
Q

Presence of ST in isolates:

A

Infant Mouse Test

Genetic Probes

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34
Q

Detection of ETEC:

A

Non-radioactively labeled oligonucleotides DNA probes

PCR

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35
Q

EIEC detection:

A

Sereny Test
Cell Culture Test
VMA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

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36
Q

Identification of EHEC strains

A

Cytotoxic effects of VERO and HELA cells

DNA Probes

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37
Q

Detection of EAggEC

A

Agglutination tests w/ specific antisera H

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38
Q

Type of gastroenteritis that infect the large intestine and produce shiga toxin that causes bloody diarrhea

A

Hemorrhagic Colitis

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39
Q

IP of hemorrhagic colitis:

A

1-6 days

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40
Q

Symptoms include: marked edema on portions of colon and absence of pathogens in stool

A

Hemorrhagic Colitis

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41
Q

Results from abnormal premature destruction of RBC

A

HUS (Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome)

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42
Q

Decreased output of urine

A

oliguria

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43
Q

Paleness of skin

A

Pallor

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44
Q 
Symptoms include:
Oliguria
Pallor
Edema
thrombocytopenia
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
A

HUS

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45
Q

reduced delivery of oxygen to the tissues

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia

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46
Q

Deficiency of platelets in the blood

A

Thrombocytopenia

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47
Q

Characterized by clotting in small blood vessels in the body; less prominent neurological manifestations; Purpura; fatigue; tachycardia

A

TTP

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48
Q

Purple-colored spots

A

Purpura

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49
Q

May decrease the amount of diarrhea

A

Bismuth Subsalicylate

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50
Q

Alternative drug for Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

A

Clotrimoxazole

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51
Q

Reduces duration of diarrhea; for children

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

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52
Q

Strictly for Adults; disrupt the enzyme topoisomerase II, a DBA gyrase that is necessary for the replication of the microorganism

A

Ciprofloxacin

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53
Q

Drug for EPEC

A

Oral Neomycin

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54
Q

Genus of E. Coli

A

Escherichia

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55
Q

Family of E. Coli

A

Enterobacteriaceae

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56
Q

Acute, profuse, watery diarrhea w/c rarely becomes persistent

Stools are not bloody, mucoid, or dysenteric

A

EPEC

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57
Q

Diarrhea without fever

A

ETEC

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58
Q

Abrupt onset of watery diarrhea that is nondysenteric

A

ETEC

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59
Q

found on the cell wall of E. Coli

A

LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)

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60
Q

How to distinguish E. Coli from other families:

A
  • Ability to ferment lactose and other sugars

* Indole from tryptophan

61
Q

Parts of an E. Coli:

A
  • Flagella
  • F or sex pilus
  • Common Pili / Type 1 fimbriae
  • Capsule
  • Cell Wall
  • Plasma Membrane
  • Periplasmic space
  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosomes
62
Q

Part for surface adherence to epithelial cells of the GI tract; protects from phagocytic engulfment

A

Common Pilus or Type 1 Fimbriae

63
Q

Part composed of Colonic acid; protects bacteria from perennial effects of drying: Digestion/Killing

  • serve as reserve of nutrients; protection against dessication
A

Capsule

64
Q

Part essential for the viability; contains ligands for adherence as well as receptor sites

A

Cell Wall

65
Q

Part that prevents osmotic lysis; confers rigidity and shape

A

Peptidoglycan

66
Q

Enzyme for assembly of cell wall; contains sensing proteins for chemotaxis

A

Periplasmic Space

67
Q

Antigenic types of e. coli

A

Serotypes

68
Q

Somatic antigen; encoded by the rfb gene cluster

A

O Antigen

69
Q

Flagellar Antigen; specified by flagellin

A

H Antigen

70
Q

Capsular antigen; proteinaceous organelles for colonization

A

K Antigen

71
Q

Serotypes responsible for diarrhea in animals and CFA

A

K88 and K99

72
Q

Fimbrial Antigen; heat labile proteins

A

F Antigen

73
Q

Strain of EHEC

A

0155:H7

74
Q

where is the 0155:H7 derived?

A

EHEC strain 055:H7

75
Q

Adhere to the epithelium of gut tightly

A

055:H7

76
Q

Strain of e. coli that is unable to ferment sorbitol and Beta-glucuronidase activity

A

EHEC 0155:H7

77
Q

Environment where the harmless commensal e.coli resides

A
  • Large/Small intestine

* External Environments

78
Q

Virulence Factors of E. Coli:

A
  • Fimbriae
  • Endotoxin
  • Capsule
  • Growth Factors
  • Adhesins
  • Exotoxins
79
Q

Virulence factor that promotes virulence

A

Fimbriae

80
Q

2 Types of Fimbriae

A
  • Encoded by chromosomes

* Encoded by plasmids

81
Q

Type of fimbriae that is most common and is not related to virulence

A

Encoded by Chromosomes

82
Q

Type of fimbriae that is small in number and is closely related to virulence

A

Encoded by Plasmids

83
Q

Virulence factor that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UTI caused by E. Coli

A

Fimbriae

84
Q

Responsible for the systemic manifestations of Gram negative bacteria

A

Endotoxin

85
Q

Virulence factor that protects bacillus from phagocytosis and bactericidal effects of compliment

A

Endotoxin

86
Q

Is the capsule hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic

87
Q

Virulence factors that protect the E. Coli from phagocytosis

A

Capsule

88
Q

Virulence factor that interferes with antibody binding; but is not effective in the presence of Antibody to O or K Antigen

A

Capsule

89
Q

Capability to compete for nutrients in the host cells

A

Growth Factors

90
Q

Facilitates adsorption of Iron

A

Iron-Chelating Compounds

91
Q

Lyse host cell erythrocytes thereby releasing iron compounds for use of bacteria

A

Hemolysins

92
Q

Virulence factor that facilitates firm adhesion of the E. Coli to the mucosa of the GIT

A

Adhesins

93
Q

Enumerate the Adhesins:

A
  • CFA (Colonization Factor Antigen)
  • AAF (Aggregative Adherence Fimbriae)
  • Bundle forming Pili (Bfp)
  • P Pili
  • IPA - Invasion Plasmid Antigen
  • Dr Fimbriae
  • Intimin
94
Q

Adhesin that mediates the attachment to the small intestine mucosa

A

CFA

95
Q

Adhesin that produces an inflammatory response to the epithelial cells with EAggEC; contradicts Dispersin

A

AAF

96
Q

For the adherence of EPEC to the epithelial cells

A

Bfp

97
Q

binds to P blood group antigens

A

P Pilus

98
Q

Invade tissue cells

A

IPA

99
Q

bind to Dr blood group antigens

A

Dr Fimbriae

100
Q

Disrupts intestinal epithelium by attaching and destroying the microvilli and effacing lessions

A

Intimin

101
Q

Virulence factors secreted by EHEC and EPEC

A

Tir

102
Q

Two types of exotoxins:

A
  • Hemolysins

* Enterotoxins

103
Q

Important in the pathogenesis of disease caused by uropathogenic strains of E. Coli

A

Hemolysins

104
Q

3 Recognized Enterotoxins of E. Coli:

A
  • Shiga Toxins
  • Heat Stable Toxins
  • Heat Labile Toxins
105
Q

Similar to the Shigella dysenteriae type I toxin

A

Shiga Toxins

106
Q

Type of Shiga toxin not neutralized by antibodies for Stx

A

Stx-2

107
Q

Type of shiga toxin that is neutralized by antibodies agains Stx

A

Stx-1

108
Q

Type of Shiga-like toxin that is similar to the ABS Shiga Toxin by shigella dysenteriae bacteria

A

Verotoxin

109
Q

Virulence factor that causes hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome; damages glomerulus and vascular endothelium

A

Verotoxin

110
Q

Strain of E. Coli that produces Verotoxin

A

EHEC

111
Q

Toxic to the Vero Cell line; identical to Shiga Toxins

A

VT-I

112
Q

Toxins that are low-molecular weight proteins

A

Heat Stable Toxins (ST)

113
Q

Heat stable toxins in humans; small, methanol soluble, monomeric toxin

A

STa

114
Q

Binds to guanylate cyclase to increase the level of cGMP and thus increases the fluid secretions (Sodium)

A

STa

115
Q

Type of heat stable toxin that is not soluble in methanol and is not associated to human disease

A

STb

116
Q

Similar to the cholera toxin; responsible for the secretion of Prostaglandin and production of inflammatory cytokines

A

LT-I

117
Q

Increases the secretion of Chloride and decreases the absorption of sodium that results to a watery diarrhea

A

A Subunit of LT-I

118
Q

LEE genes

A

Locus of Enterocytes Effacement genes

119
Q

Encodes intimin protein

A

gene espE

120
Q

Induces signal transduction

A

gene espB

121
Q

secreted serine protease

A

espP

122
Q

Virulence factor responsible to induce hemorrhagic colitis and the lysis of RBS

A

Enterohemolysin protein

123
Q

Protect bacteria agains reactive oxygen species

A

Catalase Peroxidase

124
Q

bunds to tips of flagella; adherence to intestinal cells

A

EtpA

125
Q

Responsible for the degradation of immune cells

A

Cytolysins

126
Q

Limiting aggregation of strains; contradicts AAF

A

Dispersin

127
Q

Synonyms of EPEC

A

Intestinal Pathogenic E. Coli

128
Q

EPEC invasive or non-invasive?

A

Non-Invasive

129
Q

Synonyms of EIEC

A

Shigella-like E. Coli

130
Q

EIEC Invasive or Non-Invasive?

A

Invasive

131
Q

Synonyms of EHEC

A

Verotoxigenic E. Coli

132
Q

ETEC Invasive or Non-invasive?

A

Non-Invasive

133
Q

EHEC Invasive or Non-invasive

A

Invasive

134
Q

EAggEC Invasive or Non-Invasive?

A

Non-Invasive

135
Q

Does not invade stomach tissues directly; release toxins from bacteria; causes disruption of secretory process; watery stool

A

Non-Invasive Bacteria

136
Q

invades stromach tissues directly and causes tissue destruction and bloody stool

A

invasive bacteria

137
Q

Affects infants; adheres to small bowel and includes polymerization of actin filaments

A

EPEC

138
Q

Attachment and effacing phenomenon thus forming attaching and effacing lesions

A

EPEC

139
Q

leading cause of infantile diarrhea (Type of EPEC)

A

Typical

140
Q

Non motile e. coli that does not produce decarboxylate lysine; does not ferment lactose and does not produce gas

A

EIEC

141
Q

Closely related to shigella species

A

EIEC

142
Q

Causes HUS; has Shiga-like Toxins

A

EHEC

143
Q

Typical Stacked brick or glass Hep-2 cells; increases mucus secretion and produces layer overlying the epithelium

A

EAggEC

144
Q

Common in neonates and young children

A

EPEC

145
Q

Common cause of traveler’s diarrhea (Belly Delhi)

A

ETEC

146
Q

Children below 5 y/o in developing countries

A

EIEC

147
Q

Common cause of GI Infections in developed countries in children below 5 y/o

A

EHEC

148
Q

Common during the summer months

A

EHEC

149
Q

Acute and persisting pediatric diarrhea in developed and underdeveloped countries; secretory diarrhea

A

EAggEC

PharCare (5 decks)

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