E. Coli Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
Causes mild dehydration and Causes enteritis
A
ETEC
2
Q
has Clinical syndrome similar to Shigella dysentery
A
EIEC
3
Q
Dysentery-like diarrhea with fever
A
EIEC
4
Q
Elicits mucosal inflammation, epithelial necrosis, and ulceration
A
EIEC
5
Q
primary cause of hemorrhagic colitis or bloody diarrhea
A
EHEC
6
Q
2 Syndromes CAUSED by EHEC
A
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
7
Q
Causes mucoid diarrhea and is often persistent
A
EAggEC
8
Q
Starts with watery diarrhea and abdominal pain
A
EAggEC
9
Q
Increases mucus secretion, which forms a layer overlying the epithelium of the small intestine
A
EAggEC
10
Q
Bfp, Intimin
A
EPEC
11
Q
STa, LT-I, EtpA, P Pili, Dr fimbriae
A
ETEC
12
Q
No toxins; damages intestinal wall by Mechanical Cell destruction
A
EIEC
13
Q
Shiga-like toxins; Intimin-Tir mediated attachment and effacement
A
EHEC
14
Q
Bundle forming fimbriae, ST enterotoxins: EAST (Enteroaggregative Stable Enterotoxins) and SHET (Shigella Enterotoxins), Dispersins, Hemolysins,
A
EAggEC
15
Q
Contaminated food, water, fomites
A
EPEC
16
Q
Contaminated water, improperly treated drinking water, water
A
ETEC
17
Q
Contaminated food and water
A
EIEC
EAggEC
18
Q
Ingestion of contaminated food; person-person transmission
A
EHEC
19
Q
Infectious dose of 10^6
A
EPEC
20
Q
ID of 10^8 (elderly are susceptible to low doses)
A
ETEC
21
Q
ID of 10^6 to 10^10
A
EIEC
22
Q
low ID; 10 organisms by ingestion
A
EHEC
23
Q
10^10 organisms (ID)
A
EAggEC
24
Q
IP of 6-49 hours
A
EPEC
25
IP of 14-30 hours
ETEC
26
IP of 2-8 days
EHEC
27
IP of 2-48 hours
EIEC
28
IP of 8-18 hours
EAggEC
29
E. Coli in sorbitol MacConkey Agar
Colorless colonies
30
E. Coli in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar
Blue-black colonies with metallic green sheen
31
Identification for EPEC
Polymerase Chain Reaction
DNA hybridization methods (detection of EAF and gene encoding bfp)
Fluorescent Actin Staining
32
Presence of LT in E.Coli detected thru:
```
Rabbit Ileal Loop Method
Adult Rabbit skin Method
Tissue Culture Tests
Serological Tests
Genetic Probes
```
33
Presence of ST in isolates:
Infant Mouse Test
| Genetic Probes
34
Detection of ETEC:
Non-radioactively labeled oligonucleotides DNA probes
PCR
35
EIEC detection:
Sereny Test
Cell Culture Test
VMA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
36
Identification of EHEC strains
Cytotoxic effects of VERO and HELA cells
DNA Probes
37
Detection of EAggEC
Agglutination tests w/ specific antisera H
38
Type of gastroenteritis that infect the large intestine and produce shiga toxin that causes bloody diarrhea
Hemorrhagic Colitis
39
IP of hemorrhagic colitis:
1-6 days
40
Symptoms include: marked edema on portions of colon and absence of pathogens in stool
Hemorrhagic Colitis
41
Results from abnormal premature destruction of RBC
HUS (Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome)
42
Decreased output of urine
oliguria
43
Paleness of skin
Pallor
44
```
Symptoms include:
Oliguria
Pallor
Edema
thrombocytopenia
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
```
HUS
45
reduced delivery of oxygen to the tissues
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
46
Deficiency of platelets in the blood
Thrombocytopenia
47
Characterized by clotting in small blood vessels in the body; less prominent neurological manifestations; Purpura; fatigue; tachycardia
TTP
48
Purple-colored spots
Purpura
49
May decrease the amount of diarrhea
Bismuth Subsalicylate
50
Alternative drug for Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Clotrimoxazole
51
Reduces duration of diarrhea; for children
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
52
Strictly for Adults; disrupt the enzyme topoisomerase II, a DBA gyrase that is necessary for the replication of the microorganism
Ciprofloxacin
53
Drug for EPEC
Oral Neomycin
54
Genus of E. Coli
Escherichia
55
Family of E. Coli
Enterobacteriaceae
56
Acute, profuse, watery diarrhea w/c rarely becomes persistent
Stools are not bloody, mucoid, or dysenteric
EPEC
57
Diarrhea without fever
ETEC
58
Abrupt onset of watery diarrhea that is nondysenteric
ETEC
59
found on the cell wall of E. Coli
LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)
60
How to distinguish E. Coli from other families:
* Ability to ferment lactose and other sugars
| * Indole from tryptophan
61
Parts of an E. Coli:
* Flagella
* F or sex pilus
* Common Pili / Type 1 fimbriae
* Capsule
* Cell Wall
* Plasma Membrane
* Periplasmic space
* Cytoplasm
* Ribosomes
62
Part for surface adherence to epithelial cells of the GI tract; protects from phagocytic engulfment
Common Pilus or Type 1 Fimbriae
63
Part composed of Colonic acid; protects bacteria from perennial effects of drying: Digestion/Killing
- serve as reserve of nutrients; protection against dessication
Capsule
64
Part essential for the viability; contains ligands for adherence as well as receptor sites
Cell Wall
65
Part that prevents osmotic lysis; confers rigidity and shape
Peptidoglycan
66
Enzyme for assembly of cell wall; contains sensing proteins for chemotaxis
Periplasmic Space
67
Antigenic types of e. coli
Serotypes
68
Somatic antigen; encoded by the rfb gene cluster
O Antigen
69
Flagellar Antigen; specified by flagellin
H Antigen
70
Capsular antigen; proteinaceous organelles for colonization
K Antigen
71
Serotypes responsible for diarrhea in animals and CFA
K88 and K99
72
Fimbrial Antigen; heat labile proteins
F Antigen
73
Strain of EHEC
0155:H7
74
where is the 0155:H7 derived?
EHEC strain 055:H7
75
Adhere to the epithelium of gut tightly
055:H7
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Strain of e. coli that is unable to ferment sorbitol and Beta-glucuronidase activity
EHEC 0155:H7
77
Environment where the harmless commensal e.coli resides
* Large/Small intestine
| * External Environments
78
Virulence Factors of E. Coli:
* Fimbriae
* Endotoxin
* Capsule
* Growth Factors
* Adhesins
* Exotoxins
79
Virulence factor that promotes virulence
Fimbriae
80
2 Types of Fimbriae
* Encoded by chromosomes
| * Encoded by plasmids
81
Type of fimbriae that is most common and is not related to virulence
Encoded by Chromosomes
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Type of fimbriae that is small in number and is closely related to virulence
Encoded by Plasmids
83
Virulence factor that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UTI caused by E. Coli
Fimbriae
84
Responsible for the systemic manifestations of Gram negative bacteria
Endotoxin
85
Virulence factor that protects bacillus from phagocytosis and bactericidal effects of compliment
Endotoxin
86
Is the capsule hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophilic
87
Virulence factors that protect the E. Coli from phagocytosis
Capsule
88
Virulence factor that interferes with antibody binding; but is not effective in the presence of Antibody to O or K Antigen
Capsule
89
Capability to compete for nutrients in the host cells
Growth Factors
90
Facilitates adsorption of Iron
Iron-Chelating Compounds
91
Lyse host cell erythrocytes thereby releasing iron compounds for use of bacteria
Hemolysins
92
Virulence factor that facilitates firm adhesion of the E. Coli to the mucosa of the GIT
Adhesins
93
Enumerate the Adhesins:
* CFA (Colonization Factor Antigen)
* AAF (Aggregative Adherence Fimbriae)
* Bundle forming Pili (Bfp)
* P Pili
* IPA - Invasion Plasmid Antigen
* Dr Fimbriae
* Intimin
94
Adhesin that mediates the attachment to the small intestine mucosa
CFA
95
Adhesin that produces an inflammatory response to the epithelial cells with EAggEC; contradicts Dispersin
AAF
96
For the adherence of EPEC to the epithelial cells
Bfp
97
binds to P blood group antigens
P Pilus
98
Invade tissue cells
IPA
99
bind to Dr blood group antigens
Dr Fimbriae
100
Disrupts intestinal epithelium by attaching and destroying the microvilli and effacing lessions
Intimin
101
Virulence factors secreted by EHEC and EPEC
Tir
102
Two types of exotoxins:
* Hemolysins
| * Enterotoxins
103
Important in the pathogenesis of disease caused by uropathogenic strains of E. Coli
Hemolysins
104
3 Recognized Enterotoxins of E. Coli:
* Shiga Toxins
* Heat Stable Toxins
* Heat Labile Toxins
105
Similar to the Shigella dysenteriae type I toxin
Shiga Toxins
106
Type of Shiga toxin not neutralized by antibodies for Stx
Stx-2
107
Type of shiga toxin that is neutralized by antibodies agains Stx
Stx-1
108
Type of Shiga-like toxin that is similar to the ABS Shiga Toxin by shigella dysenteriae bacteria
Verotoxin
109
Virulence factor that causes hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome; damages glomerulus and vascular endothelium
Verotoxin
110
Strain of E. Coli that produces Verotoxin
EHEC
111
Toxic to the Vero Cell line; identical to Shiga Toxins
VT-I
112
Toxins that are low-molecular weight proteins
Heat Stable Toxins (ST)
113
Heat stable toxins in humans; small, methanol soluble, monomeric toxin
STa
114
Binds to guanylate cyclase to increase the level of cGMP and thus increases the fluid secretions (Sodium)
STa
115
Type of heat stable toxin that is not soluble in methanol and is not associated to human disease
STb
116
Similar to the cholera toxin; responsible for the secretion of Prostaglandin and production of inflammatory cytokines
LT-I
117
Increases the secretion of Chloride and decreases the absorption of sodium that results to a watery diarrhea
A Subunit of LT-I
118
LEE genes
Locus of Enterocytes Effacement genes
119
Encodes intimin protein
gene espE
120
Induces signal transduction
gene espB
121
secreted serine protease
espP
122
Virulence factor responsible to induce hemorrhagic colitis and the lysis of RBS
Enterohemolysin protein
123
Protect bacteria agains reactive oxygen species
Catalase Peroxidase
124
bunds to tips of flagella; adherence to intestinal cells
EtpA
125
Responsible for the degradation of immune cells
Cytolysins
126
Limiting aggregation of strains; contradicts AAF
Dispersin
127
Synonyms of EPEC
Intestinal Pathogenic E. Coli
128
EPEC invasive or non-invasive?
Non-Invasive
129
Synonyms of EIEC
Shigella-like E. Coli
130
EIEC Invasive or Non-Invasive?
Invasive
131
Synonyms of EHEC
Verotoxigenic E. Coli
132
ETEC Invasive or Non-invasive?
Non-Invasive
133
EHEC Invasive or Non-invasive
Invasive
134
EAggEC Invasive or Non-Invasive?
Non-Invasive
135
Does not invade stomach tissues directly; release toxins from bacteria; causes disruption of secretory process; watery stool
Non-Invasive Bacteria
136
invades stromach tissues directly and causes tissue destruction and bloody stool
invasive bacteria
137
Affects infants; adheres to small bowel and includes polymerization of actin filaments
EPEC
138
Attachment and effacing phenomenon thus forming attaching and effacing lesions
EPEC
139
leading cause of infantile diarrhea (Type of EPEC)
Typical
140
Non motile e. coli that does not produce decarboxylate lysine; does not ferment lactose and does not produce gas
EIEC
141
Closely related to shigella species
EIEC
142
Causes HUS; has Shiga-like Toxins
EHEC
143
Typical Stacked brick or glass Hep-2 cells; increases mucus secretion and produces layer overlying the epithelium
EAggEC
144
Common in neonates and young children
EPEC
145
Common cause of traveler's diarrhea (Belly Delhi)
ETEC
146
Children below 5 y/o in developing countries
EIEC
147
Common cause of GI Infections in developed countries in children below 5 y/o
EHEC
148
Common during the summer months
EHEC
149
Acute and persisting pediatric diarrhea in developed and underdeveloped countries; secretory diarrhea
EAggEC
