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Tri 3 - Gross Anatomy II > E1E > Flashcards

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posterior compartment of the forearm (69 cards)

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1
Q

extensor retinaculum

A
  1. thickening of deep fascia of forearm that stretches across back of wrist  holds long extensor tendons in position and prevents them from bowstringing as they cross wrist joint
  2. converts grooves on posterior aspects of distal ends of radius and ulna into 6 separate compartments (tunnels) for long extensor tendons (surrounded by synovial sheaths)
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2
Q

superficial muscle of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A 
brachioradialis 
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris
anconeus
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3
Q

brachioradialis origin

A

upper part of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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4
Q

brachioradialis insertion

A

lateral side of distal end of radius, just superior to styloid process

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5
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

radial nerve

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6
Q

brachioradialis action

A

flexion of forearm at elbow joint and assists with supination of forearm

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7
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

lower part of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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8
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into base of 2nd metacarpal

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9
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

radial nerve

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10
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

extension and abduction of hand at wrist joint

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11
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

ommon extensor tendon (attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus)

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12
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into base of 3rd metacarpal

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13
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve

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14
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

extension and abduction of hand at wrist joint

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15
Q

extensor digitorum origin

A

common extensor tendon (attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus)

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16
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A
  1. muscle belly gives rise to 4 tendons (for medial 4 digits)
  2. tendons pass under extensor retinaculum and fan out over dorsum of hand, where adjacent tendons are interconnected
  3. near proximal interphalangeal joint, each tendon divides into 3 bands
  4. central band inserts into base of middle phalanx and 2 lateral bands converge to insert into base of distal phalanx
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17
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve

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18
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

extension of distal, middle and proximal phalanges of medial 4 digits
extension of hand at wrist joint

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19
Q 
extensor expansion
(extensor hood, dorsal digital expansion)
A
  1. each tendon of extensor digitorum is held in a central position over dorsum of corresponding metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint by a flat fibrous sheet called extensor expansion
  2. extensor expansion wraps around dorsum and sides of metacarpal head and proximal phalanx and forms movable hood that moves distally when MCP joint is flexed and proximally when MCP joint is extended
  3. tendons of interosseous and lumbrical muscles of hand insert into extensor expansions
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20
Q

extensor digiti minimi origin

A

common extensor tendon (attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus)

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21
Q

extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and joins tendon of extensor digitorum for little finger

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22
Q

extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve

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23
Q

extensor digiti minimi action

A

extension of distal, middle and proximal phalanges of little finger and assists with extension of hand at wrist joint

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24
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

humeral head: common extensor tendon (attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus)
ulnar head: posterior border of shaft of ulna

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25
extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into base of 5th metacarpal
26
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
27
extensor carpi ulnaris action
extension and adduction of hand at wrist joint
28
anconeus origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
29
anconeus insertion
lateral surface of olecranon and posterior surface of shaft of ulna
30
anconeus innervation
radial nerve
31
anconeus action
assists triceps brachii with extension of forearm at elbow joint and may abduct ulna during pronation of forearm
32
deep muscles of the posterior compartment
``` supinator abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis ```
33
supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments of elbow joint, supinator crest and fossa of ulna
34
supinator insertion
fibers wrap around radius  insert into anterior, lateral and posterior surfaces of upper ⅓ of radius (from radial tuberosity to insertion of pronator teres)
35
supinator innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
36
supinator action
supination of forearm
37
abductor pollicis longus origin
posterior surfaces of shafts of ulna and radius and interosseous membrane
38
abductor pollicis longus insertion
tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into base of 1st metacarpal
39
abductor pollicis longus innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
40
abductor pollicis longus action
abduction and extension of thumb at carpometacarpal joint and assists with abduction of hand at wrist joint
41
extensor pollicis brevis origin
posterior surface of shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
42
extensor pollicis brevis insertion
tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into base of proximal phalanx of thumb
43
extensor pollicis brevis innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
44
extensor pollicis brevis action
extension of proximal phalanx of thumb and 1st metacarpal
45
extensor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
46
extensor pollicis longus insertion
tendon passes under extensor retinaculum (medial to dorsal tubercle of radius, which uses as a pulley) and inserts into base of distal phalanx of thumb
47
extensor pollicis longus innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
48
extensor pollicis longus action
extension of distal and proximal phalanges of thumb and 1st metacarpal
49
extensor indicis origin
posterior surface of shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
50
extensor indicis insertion
tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and joins tendon of extensor digitorum for index finger
51
extensor indicis innervation
deep branch of radial nerve
52
extensor indicis action
extension of distal, middle and proximal phalanges of index finger and assists with extension of hand at wrist joint
53
compartments under extensor retinaculum
1st - 6th, M-L 1st to 4th tunnels are related to distal end of radius, 5th tunnel is at the level of distal radioulnar joint and 6th tunnel is related to distal end of ulna
54
1st compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
55
2nd compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis
56
3rd compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendon of extensor pollicis longus
57
4th compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendons of extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
58
5th compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendon of extensor digiti minimi
59
6th compartment under extensor retinaculum
tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris
60
anatomical snuff box tendons
anterior: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis posterior: extensor pollicis longus
61
anatomical snuff box bones
styloid process of radius, scaphoid, trapezium and base of 1st metacarpal are found on its floor (from proximal to distal)
62
anatomical snuff box vasculature
radial artery | origin of cephalic vein from dorsal venous arch of hand
63
anatomical snuff box nerve
superficial radial nerve
64
radial nerve
divides into superficial and deep terminal branches anterior to lateral epicondyle of humerus before dividing into its terminal branches, radial nerve supplies three heads of triceps brachii, anconeus, brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus and it also gives off cutaneous branches to arm and forearm
65
superficial branch of radial nerve
descends in forearm deep to brachioradialis muscle and lateral to radial artery in distal forearm, it separates from artery and passes posteriorly, under tendon of brachioradialis, to reach posterior surface of wrist divides into branches that supply skin of lateral part of dorsum of hand and dorsal aspects of lateral 2½ (or 3½) digits (digital branches do not extend far beyond proximal phalanges)
66
deep branch of radial nerve
pierces supinator and winds around lateral aspect of radius within supinator to reach posterior compartment of forearm after it emerges from supinator, it is sometimes referred to as posterior interosseous nerve then descends between superficial and deep muscles of posterior compartment of forearm and terminates on posterior aspect of wrist it also gives off articular branches to distal radioulnar and wrist joints
67
blood supply of posterior compartment of arm
anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
68
posterior interosseous artery
originates in anterior compartment of forearm from common interosseous artery passes posteriorly, between ulna and radius, and above superior border of interosseous membrane, to reach posterior compartment accompanies posterior interosseous nerve in posterior compartment gives off interosseous recurrent artery and participates in arterial anastomosis around elbow joint
69
anterior interosseous artery
pierces interosseous membrane and anastomoses with posterior interosseous artery

Tri 3 - Gross Anatomy II (20 decks)

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