E4 Visual

Question 1

What are the two fluids of the eye?

Answer 1

Aqueous humor and vitreous humor

Question 2

Where is the aqueous humor found?

Answer 2

Anterior to the lens, between lens and cornea

Question 3

Where is the vitreous humor found?

Answer 3

posterior to the lens, between lens and retina

Question 4

What is the outer layer made of?

Answer 4

Sclera and cornea

Question 5

What is the sclera?

Answer 5

White part of the eye

Question 6

What is the cornea?

Answer 6

Clear outer layer found anteriorly

Question 7

What is the middle layer of the eye?

Answer 7

Choroid, ciliary bodies, and iris

Question 8

What does the choroid contain?

Answer 8

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 9

What is the iris?

Answer 9

The pigmented portion of the eye?

Question 10

What kind of muscle does the iris consist of?

Answer 10

Smooth muscle

Question 11

What kind of innervation is pupillary constriction? Dilation?

Answer 11

Parasympathetic of CN III. Sympathetic from T1 ad T2 segments

Question 12

Lesions in T1 and T2 can result in what syndrome?

Answer 12

Horner’s syndrome

Question 13

What is the lens suspended by?

Answer 13

zonula fibers

Question 14

where are zonula fibers anchored?

Answer 14

in the ciliary body

Question 15

What is the inner layer of the eye made of?

Answer 15

Retinal ganglion cells, rods, cones, interneurons of retina

Question 16

What is the light sensing part of the eye?

Answer 16

Retina

Question 17

What types of cells are located in the eye?

Answer 17

Amacrine, Bipolar, and horizontal cells

Question 18

What are rods photoreceptors for?

Answer 18

black, white, and gray vision, important for night vision

Question 19

What are cones photoreceptors for?

Answer 19

color vision and for high visual acuity

Question 20

Where is the photosensitive part of the photoreceptors?

Answer 20

Most distal end of the light path

Question 21

What are the most anterior of the cells in the retina? What nerve is formed by axons of these cells?

Answer 21

Retinal Ganglion cells.

CN II

Question 22

T/F The optic disk is full of photoreceptors and ganglion cells.

Answer 22

FALSE. This is actually where the axons of the ganglion cells leave the eye to form the optic nerve

Question 23

What is the natural blind spot of the eye?

Answer 23

The optic disk

Question 24

What area is particularly rich in cones, but no rods?

Answer 24

Fovea of the macula lutea

Question 25

What kind of vision does the macula provide?

Answer 25

The sharp, straight-ahead vision that is needed for driving and reading small print

Question 26

What is the gyrus for the inf visual field? Sup. visual field?

Answer 26

Cuneus. Lingual

Question 27

How are neurons categorized in the visual cortex?

Answer 27

According to Ocular dominance, columns, orientation columns, and color blobs

Question 28

Where is the retinotectal pathway?

Answer 28

Extends from retina to the superior colliculus

Question 29

Which pathway is important in visual attention and detection of movement?

Answer 29

Retinotectal pathway

Question 30

Which eye muscles converge the eyes?

Answer 30

Medial rectus muscles by contracting bilaterally

Question 31

Increasing definition of an image would cause the pupil to _____

Answer 31

constrict