Ear

Question 1

Auricle

Answer 1

(pinna)
supported by elastic cartilage
directs air vibrations into ear

Question 2

External Auditory Canal

Answer 2

passageway to tympanic membrane

Question 3

Ceruminous glands

Answer 3

secretes ear wax to slow bacteria growth

Question 4

Tympanic membrane

Answer 4

(ear drum)
Thin transparent connective tissue, vibrates in synch with sound waves that strike it
connected to malleus

Question 5

Ossicles

Answer 5

malleus, incus, stapes

vibrate fluid in cochlea

Question 6

Oval window

Answer 6

Stapes vibrates against this window at base of scala vestibuli

Question 7

Round window

Answer 7

at the base of scala tympani, dissipate pressure in cochlea, connected to auditory tube

Question 8

Auditory tube

Answer 8

(Eustachian tube)

connects to nasopharynx to equalize pressure between external and middle ear

Question 9

Tympanic reflex

Answer 9

tensor tympani and stapedius muscles of inner ear contract to reduce effect of loud sound waves

Question 10

Membranous labyrinth

Answer 10

filled w/endolymph

location of mechanoreceptors of balance and hearing

Question 11

Bony labyrinth

Answer 11

bone that surrounds and protects inner ear

perilymph is found between hear and membranous labyrinth

Question 12

Semicircular canals

Answer 12

3 canals are 3 dimensionally arranged 90 degrees to each other
-detects rotational acceleration or deceleration

Question 13

Vestibule

Answer 13

detects change in head position or linear acceleration and deceleration

Question 14

Cochlea

Answer 14

spirals 2.5 times around
contains mechanoreceptors that detect auditory info
3 chambers
-scala vestibuli: contains perilymph
-scala media: contains endolymph
-scala typani: contains perilymph

Question 15

Vestibular membrane

Answer 15

separates scala vestibuli from cochlear duct

Question 16

Basilar membrane

Answer 16

separates cochlear duct from scala tympani and serves as base for organ of corti

Question 17

Organ of Corti

Answer 17

contains mechanoreceptors for hearing and detects auditory info

Question 18

Tectorial membrane

Answer 18

contains hair cells w/stereocilia embedded here

Question 19

High vs. Low frequency

Answer 19

resonance will occur at different distances from oval window depending on frequency

Question 20

Pitch

Answer 20

number of waves

Question 21

Volume

Answer 21

height of waves

Question 22

auditory pathway

Answer 22

cochlear branch of CN VIII goes to 
pons
inferior colliculi of corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)
thalamus
auditory cortex of temporal lobes

Question 23

Equilibrium pathway

Answer 23

hair cells of semicircular canals & vestibule synapse of vestibular branch of CN VIII
vestibular nucleus of pons
cranial nerves controlling the eye
cerebellum