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HISTOLOGY > Ears > Flashcards

Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Division of the Ear where it receives sound waves

A

External Ear

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2
Q

Part of the external division where compose of plates of elastic cartilage that is tightly adherent to the skin

A

Auricle

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3
Q

what is the linning of the auricle?

A

Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

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4
Q

what type of cartilage is found in the external ear

A

Elastic

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5
Q

sweat glands is present in the lateral part external auditory meatus

(+) or (-)

A

(-)

No eccrine sweat glands are present

both the Sweat and sebaceous are found in the external region (auricle)

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6
Q

is a brown, orange, red or yellowish waxy substance secreted in the ear canal of humans and other mammals

A

Cerumen

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7
Q

what are the 3 layers of the Tympanic Membrane

and What layer articulates with malleus?

A
  1. Cuticle (outer)- lining ( Stratified Sq)
  2. Fibrous
  3. Mucus (Inner)- lining (Simple Cuboidal)- Articulates with malleus
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8
Q

What is within the membranous labyrinth?

a. Lymph
b. Blood
c. Endolymph
d. Perilymph
e. Air

A

C.Endolymph

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9
Q

What is within the bony labyrinth?

a. Lymph
b. Blood
c. Endolymph
d. Perilymph
e. Air

A

D. Perilymph

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10
Q

Which contains endolymph?

a. Scala vestibuli
b. Scala tympani
c. Cochlear duct
d. Both a and b
e. All a, b, and c

A

c. Cochlear duct

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11
Q

Which contains perilymph?

a. Scala vestibuli
b. Scala tympani
c. Cochlear duct
d. Both a and b
e. All a, b, and c

A

e. All
a-Scala vestibuli,
b-Scala tympani
c-Cochlear duct

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12
Q

Where are the sensory receptors for hearing?

a. Saccule
b. Utricle
c. Organ of Corti
d. Semicircular canals
e. Both a and b

A

c. Organ of Corti

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13
Q

Where are the sensory receptors for movement?

a. Saccule
b. Utricle
c. Organ of Corti
d. Semicircular canals
e. Both a and b

A

d. Semicircular canals

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14
Q

Where are the sensory receptors for position?

a. Saccule
b. Utricle
c. Organ of Corti
d. Semicircular canals
e. Both a and b

A

Saccule&Utricle

-The receptors for hearing are located within the
organ of Corti. The receptors for movement are
located within the semicircular canals. The receptors
for position are located within the utricle and
saccule.

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15
Q

What structure is shaped like a snail shell?

a. Saccule
b. Utricle
c. Organ of Corti
d. Semicircular canals
e. Cochlea

A

e. Cochlea

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16
Q

Where is the organ of Corti?

a. Saccule
b. Utricle
c. Crista ampullaris
d. Semicircular canals
e. Cochlea

A

e. Cochlea

-The cochlea is a spiral shaped structure. Within the
cochlea is the organ of Corti.

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17
Q 
What sensation does the crista ampullaris
recognize?
a. Sound
b. Position
c. Movement
d. Vibration
e. All of the above
A

The “crista ampullaris” is the receptor for movement.

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18
Q 
Which cell type is the receptor cell within the organ
of Corti?
a. Cells of Hensen
b. Hair cells
c. Inner border cells
d. Outer phalangeal cells
e. Inner pillar cells
A

b. Hair cells

The hair cells are the receptor cells. The other cells
are supporting cells.

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19
Q

in fibrous layer of the Typanic Membrane what type of collagens are found?

A

Type I & II

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20
Q

What type of cells lined the Mucus layer of the Typanic membrane?

A

Cuboidal Cells

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21
Q

What are the bones Found in the Middle ear?

And what are its other names?

A

Hammer- -anvil- stirrup

Malleus- -incus- stapes

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22
Q

Part of middle ear where Conversion of sound waves into mechanical or hydraulic vibrations in the chambers of the inner ear?

A

AUDITORY OSSICLES

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23
Q

muscle in ear where it inserts into the malleus and hammer above the auditory tube

A

Tensor tympani

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24
Q

muscle in the middle ear where it lies on the bony eminence on the wall of the middle ear; inserts into the stapes

A

Stapedius

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25
Q

“Eustachian tube”
what is:

length?
Lined by what type of Epithelium?

A
  • Narrow flattened 3.5cm long channel

- Lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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26
Q

Infections from the pharynx can spread to the middle ear via the Eustachian tube
What is the Infection called?

A

(otitis media)

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27
Q

has elastic cartilages in the dermis similar to auricle

A

Lateral 1/3 of EAM

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28
Q

has the bone part in the dermis of EAM

A

Medial 2/3

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29
Q

What Bone is found in the medial 2/3 of the EAM

A

Temporal Bone

30
Q

What separates the External From the middle ear

A

EarDrum (Tympanic Membrane)

31
Q

Eccrine Sweat Glands found in the Lateral part of the EAM?

True or False?

A

False

Sweat Glands is only Found in The Auricle (outer part)
BUT THERE ARE “MODIFIED” APOCRINE SWEAT GLANDS Found in the Lateral Part

“CERUMINOUS GLANDS”

32
Q

Air filled space within the temporal bone

that contain the Auditory ossicles

A

MASTOID AIR CELLS

33
Q

What Articulates with the Oval Window?

A

Stirrup or ??

34
Q

what type of reflex is occurs when something loud is near

A

“attenuation reflex”- which protects the internal ear from damaging effects of very loud sounds

occurs through pulling away of the “Malleus” and “Stapes from the oval window” so vibration will not be produced.

35
Q

what muscle will pull the Malleus?

what muscle will pull the Stapes?

A

Malleus- Tensor Tympani

Stapes- Stapedius

36
Q

Normally the pressure outside is the same with the pressure with the middle ear, if you ride an airplane and it is ascending it will cause the pressure outside to decrease and thereby pushing the Tympanic membrane outwards. If Descending, the pressure will push the tympanic membrane inwards causing Ear pain or discomfort.

what will you do to relieve the pressure?

A

The walls of the Eustachian tube are normally pressed together but separates during “Yawning and Swallowing” thereby decreasing the pressure in the middle ear.

37
Q

Lining of the Auditory Tube?

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

38
Q

Angulated Eustachian tube?

Adult Or Child?

A

Adult

“low angle” in Children making them more prone to Infection.

39
Q

is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes

A

oval window

40
Q

Vibrates with opposite phase to vibrations entering the inner ear through the oval window.

A

round window

41
Q

INNER EAR is composed of 2 labyrinth what are they?

A 
Bony Labyrinth (Outer part)
Membranous Labyrinth (Inner part)
42
Q

Labyrinth that has Interconnected cavities within the petrous part of the temporal bone

A

Bony Labyrinth

43
Q

Lies within the bony labyrinth

A

Membranous Labyrinth (Inner part)

44
Q

Fluid Found in the Labyrinth

A

*Bony Labyrinth (Outer part)- “perilymph “

Similar to intracellular fluid (high potassium and low sodium)

*Membranous Labyrinth (Inner part)- “endolymph”

Similar to extracellular fluid (high sodium and low potassium)

45
Q

Bony Lymph Contains three connected spaces:

A

Cochlea
Vestibule
Semicircular canals

46
Q

Analogy:

Bony labyrinth: Vestibule
Membranous labyrinth:_____

A

Utricle – elliptical

Saccule _ spherical

47
Q

Which portion of the vesibule is near the Semicircular canal?

A

Utricle – elliptical

48
Q

Utricle, Saccule and Semicircular ducts are referred to as??

A

Vestibular membranous labyrinth

-something to do with balance

49
Q

Extends from the wall of vestibule

A

“Semicircular canals”

Anterior(superior), posterior and lateral and are at right angle at each other

The end of each semicircular canal is dilated to form the ampulla”

50
Q

The end of each semicircular canal is dilated to form the

A

ampulla”

51
Q

what fluid is found in the :
semicircular canal :
semicircular duct:

A

semicircular canal : Perilymph

semicircular duct: Endolymph

52
Q

snail like

how many turns does it make around the central bone?

A

cochlea

makes a 2.75 turns around the bone

53
Q

the central bone where the cochlea turn around

A

modiolus

54
Q

Vestibular labyrinth contains the following?

A

Semicircular ducts

Vestibule: Utricle and Saccule

55
Q

Membranous Labyrinth is divided into?

A

Divided into two groups:

Vestibular labyrinth
Cochlear labyrinth

56
Q

Membranous Labyrinth

Contains specialized sensory cells:

A

C-ristae ampullaris (ampullary crest)

M-aculae

Spiral organ of Corti

57
Q

Cristae ampullaris (ampullary crest) is found where specifically?

A

Located in the ampulla of the semicircular ducts

58
Q

Gelatinous protein-polysaccharide attached on top of the hair cells

A

Cupula

-cupula projects into the lumen where the endolymph is flowing

59
Q

hair cell found in the Cristae Ampullaris: Hair cells/ Receptor cells

A

Type 1 hair cells flask shaped, with rounded base(CHUBBY)

Type 2 are cylindrical in shaped(PAYATOT)

60
Q

hair cells that has Goblet cells

A

Type 1

Type1 = goblet cells, bulbous shape(taba), poorly stained(luspad), meshwork of dendrites

61
Q

hair cell that has columnar cell

A

Type 2

Type2- columnar cell, slender, less dendritic

62
Q

Lies in the saccule and utricle

A

Maculae

  • Also contains type 1 and 2 hair cells
  • The macules of utricle and saccule are oriented at right angles from each other
63
Q

If a person is standing, what is the orientation of the macullae?

A

the macula of utricle is oriented horizontally and that of saccule is oriented vertically

64
Q

the gelatinous polysaccharide material in the macullae

A

Otolith membrane

65
Q

what lies On top of the otolith membrane?

what it is made of?

A

otoliths

crystalline bodies of calcium carbonate and proteins

66
Q

portion of the macullae that is sensitive to “acceleration”

portion of the macullae that is sensitive to Gravity

A

accelaration - Utricle

Gravity - Saccule

The difference between them is that the utricle is more sensitive to horizontal acceleration, whereas the saccule is more sensitive to vertical acceleration

67
Q

cochlea Contains three compartments or scales:

A

Scala media (middle) – endolymph -Membranous labyrith

Scala vestibuli (upper)- Bony labyrinth  
Scala tympani (lowest)-Bony Labyrinth
68
Q

this the part of the cochlear labyrinth where the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli meet.

A

Helicotrema

69
Q

compartment of cochlea that Contains the endolymph

A

Scala media

70
Q

is a triangular shaped space in cochlea

A

Scala media

71
Q

What is The ____of Scala Media:

Roof :
Lateral wall :
Floor:

A

Roof – Vestibular (Reissner’s membrane)

Lateral wall – Stria Vascularis (production of endolymph)

Floor-basilar membrane

72
Q

ligament that attaches the scala media to the modiolus

A

osseous spiral lamina

HISTOLOGY (7 decks)

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