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Biology 1020 Lab > Earthworm dissection > Flashcards

Earthworm dissection Flashcards

1
Q

1

A

mouth

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2
Q

2

A

ganglia

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3
Q

3

A

dilator muscle

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4
Q

4

A

pharynx

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5
Q

5

A

aortic arches

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6
Q

6

A

esophagus

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7
Q

7

A

seminal receptacle

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8
Q

8

A

seminal vessicle

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9
Q

9

A

dorsal vessel

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10
Q

10

A

crop

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11
Q

11

A

guzzard

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12
Q

12

A

intestine

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13
Q

13

A

typhlosole

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14
Q

14

A

metanephridia

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15
Q

15

A

lateral nerve

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16
Q

16

A

nerve cord

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17
Q

17

A

ventral blood vessel

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18
Q

1

A

cuticle

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19
Q

2

A

circular muscle

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20
Q

3

A

longitudinal muscle

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21
Q

4

A

chaetae

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22
Q

5

A

metanephridium

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23
Q

6

A

dorsal blood vessel

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24
Q

7

A

typhosole

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25
Q

8

A

lumen of intestine

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26
Q

9

A

ventral blood vessel

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27
Q

10

A

ventral nerve cord

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28
Q

what phylum do earthworms belong to

A

Annelida

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29
Q

development of earthworms

A

protostome

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30
Q

type of symmetry of earthworms

A

bilateral

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31
Q

describe the body of an earthworm

A

made up of equal body segments, often with structures repeated IDENTICALLY one each segment

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32
Q

type of feeding

A

deposit feeding - soil and organic matter are ingested to extract nutrients

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33
Q

reproduction of earthworms (hermaphroditic or diecious)

A

hermaphroditic

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34
Q

what makes up the external anatomy

A
  1. chaetae
  2. mouth
  3. anus
  4. dorsal blood vessel
  5. clitellum
  6. genital pores
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35
Q

chaetae

A

small bristle-like hairs protruding from each segment

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36
Q

how many chaetae are there for each segment

A

8

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37
Q

opening to digestive tract

A

mouth

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38
Q

exit of digestive tract

A

anus

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39
Q

how is the dorsal blood vessel visible

A

through the semi-transparent skin as a dark line on the dorsal surface

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40
Q

clitellum

A

slightly swollen region that produces a mucous film that is important for reproduction

41
Q

where can the clitellum be found

A

closer to the anterior end (head)

42
Q

genital pores

A

pair of large pores which are the openings of the vas deferens

43
Q

how do earthworms differ from polychaetes

A

there are NO visible external appendages or sense organs

44
Q

what makes up the digestive system

A
  1. muscular pharynx
  2. esophagus
  3. crop
  4. gizzard
  5. intestine
  6. typholsole
45
Q

most anterior portion of the alimentary tract

A

pharynx

46
Q

why does the muscular pharynx look fuzzy

A

because of the dilator muscles extending along the body wall

47
Q

how does the pharynx expand and suck in particles of soil

A

by the contraction of the dilator muscles

48
Q

esophagus

A

food passes through for processing

49
Q

crop

A

thin-walled sac for storage

50
Q

gizzard

A

muscular organ for grinding food particles

51
Q

intestine

A

chemical digestion and absorption

52
Q

typholsole

A

rod of tissue hanging suspended in the intestine

53
Q

function of typholsole

A

increased absorptive surface for absorbed food

54
Q

parts of the circulatory system

A
  1. dorsal blood vessel
  2. ventral blood vessel
  3. aortic arches (hearts)
55
Q

dorsal blood vessel

A

dark tube overlying the digestive tract

56
Q

do worms have a closed or open circulator system

A

closed

57
Q

ventral blood vessel

A

small, yellowish tube running along the underside of the intestine

58
Q

how many hearts do earthworms have

A

5

59
Q

aortic arches

A

pump the blood from the dorsal vessel into the ventral blood vessel

60
Q

what picks up oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide

A

tiny capillaries in the skin of each segment

61
Q

parts of the nervous system

A
  1. cerebral ganglia
  2. ventral nerve cord
  3. lateral nerves
62
Q

cerebral ganglia

A

brain-like pair of concentrated nerves

63
Q

what do the cerebral ganglia bear connections with

A

nerve cord beneath

64
Q

ventral nerve cord

A

thin, whitish cord located below the ventral blood vessel

65
Q

lateral nerves

A

run into the muscles of the body wall from swollen regions on the ventral nerve cord

66
Q

parts of the reproductive system

A
  1. seminal vesicles
  2. seminal receptacles
67
Q

seminal vesicles

A

3 large whitish sacs where sperm is RELEASED from very tiny testes

68
Q

where does sperm travel to once released from testes

A

the seminal vesicles where they mature

69
Q

seminal receptacles

A

2 pairs of small, round sacs that received sperm from ANOTHER PARTNER during copulation

70
Q

parts of the excretory system

A

metanephridia

71
Q

metanephridia are located

A

one per segment in region POSTERIOR to gizzard

72
Q

metanephridia

A

excretory organs where coelomic fluid enters the open end of each tubule, metabolic waste is removed via a pore through the body wall

73
Q

cuticle

A

external layer protecting the skin

74
Q

epidermis

A

cellular layer of tissue beneath the cuticle

75
Q

what functions in DIRECT gas exchange with the environment and prevention of desiccation

A

cuticle

76
Q

circular muscles

A

thin layer of muscular tissue which contracts = squeezes the worm long and thin

77
Q

longitudinal muscles

A

thick layer of muscles beneath the circular muscles - when contracted = squeeze worm short and fat

78
Q

what muscles squeezes the worm short and fat

A

longitudinal muscles

79
Q

what muscles squeezes the worm long and flat

A

circular muscles

80
Q

where are intestines located

A

centrally in coelom

81
Q

cuticle and epidermis function

A

protection

82
Q

circular and longitudinal function

A

locomotion

83
Q

pharynx function

A

swallow food

84
Q

gizzard function

A

break down food

85
Q

repetitive body segments function

A

help the worm move

86
Q

metanephridia function

A

remove metabolic waste

87
Q

chaetae function

A
  1. anchorage
  2. locomotion
88
Q

seminal vesicle function

A

sperm production

89
Q

seminal receptacles

A

sperm storage

90
Q

what are these structures

A

chaetae

91
Q

1

A

pharynx

92
Q

2

A

heart

93
Q

3

A

seminal vesicles

94
Q

4

A

septa

95
Q

5

A

dorsal blood vessel

96
Q

6

A

intestine

97
Q

7

A

gizzard

98
Q

8

A

crop

99
Q

9

A

seminal receptacle

Biology 1020 Lab (11 decks)

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