Earthworm dissection Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
1
A
mouth
2
Q
2
A
ganglia
3
Q
3
A
dilator muscle
4
Q
4
A
pharynx
5
Q
5
A
aortic arches
6
Q
6
A
esophagus
7
Q
7
A
seminal receptacle
8
Q
8
A
seminal vessicle
9
Q
9
A
dorsal vessel
10
Q
10
A
crop
11
Q
11
A
guzzard
12
Q
12
A
intestine
13
Q
13
A
typhlosole
14
Q
14
A
metanephridia
15
Q
15
A
lateral nerve
16
Q
16
A
nerve cord
17
Q
17
A
ventral blood vessel
18
Q
1
A
cuticle
19
Q
2
A
circular muscle
20
Q
3
A
longitudinal muscle
21
Q
4
A
chaetae
22
Q
5
A
metanephridium
23
Q
6
A
dorsal blood vessel
24
Q
7
A
typhosole
25
8
lumen of intestine
26
9
ventral blood vessel
27
10
ventral nerve cord
28
what phylum do earthworms belong to
Annelida
29
development of earthworms
protostome
30
type of symmetry of earthworms
bilateral
31
describe the body of an earthworm
made up of equal body segments, often with structures repeated IDENTICALLY one each segment
32
type of feeding
deposit feeding - soil and organic matter are ingested to extract nutrients
33
reproduction of earthworms (hermaphroditic or diecious)
hermaphroditic
34
what makes up the external anatomy
1. chaetae
2. mouth
3. anus
4. dorsal blood vessel
5. clitellum
6. genital pores
35
chaetae
small bristle-like hairs protruding from each segment
36
how many chaetae are there for each segment
8
37
opening to digestive tract
mouth
38
exit of digestive tract
anus
39
how is the dorsal blood vessel visible
through the semi-transparent skin as a dark line on the dorsal surface
40
clitellum
slightly swollen region that produces a mucous film that is important for reproduction
41
where can the clitellum be found
closer to the anterior end (head)
42
genital pores
pair of large pores which are the openings of the vas deferens
43
how do earthworms differ from polychaetes
there are NO visible external appendages or sense organs
44
what makes up the digestive system
1. muscular pharynx
2. esophagus
3. crop
4. gizzard
5. intestine
6. typholsole
45
most anterior portion of the alimentary tract
pharynx
46
why does the muscular pharynx look fuzzy
because of the dilator muscles extending along the body wall
47
how does the pharynx expand and suck in particles of soil
by the contraction of the dilator muscles
48
esophagus
food passes through for processing
49
crop
thin-walled sac for storage
50
gizzard
muscular organ for grinding food particles
51
intestine
chemical digestion and absorption
52
typholsole
rod of tissue hanging suspended in the intestine
53
function of typholsole
increased absorptive surface for absorbed food
54
parts of the circulatory system
1. dorsal blood vessel
2. ventral blood vessel
3. aortic arches (hearts)
55
dorsal blood vessel
dark tube overlying the digestive tract
56
do worms have a closed or open circulator system
closed
57
ventral blood vessel
small, yellowish tube running along the underside of the intestine
58
how many hearts do earthworms have
5
59
aortic arches
pump the blood from the dorsal vessel into the ventral blood vessel
60
what picks up oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide
tiny capillaries in the skin of each segment
61
parts of the nervous system
1. cerebral ganglia
2. ventral nerve cord
3. lateral nerves
62
cerebral ganglia
brain-like pair of concentrated nerves
63
what do the cerebral ganglia bear connections with
nerve cord beneath
64
ventral nerve cord
thin, whitish cord located below the ventral blood vessel
65
lateral nerves
run into the muscles of the body wall from swollen regions on the ventral nerve cord
66
parts of the reproductive system
1. seminal vesicles
2. seminal receptacles
67
seminal vesicles
3 large whitish sacs where sperm is RELEASED from very tiny testes
68
where does sperm travel to once released from testes
the seminal vesicles where they mature
69
seminal receptacles
2 pairs of small, round sacs that received sperm from ANOTHER PARTNER during copulation
70
parts of the excretory system
metanephridia
71
metanephridia are located
one per segment in region POSTERIOR to gizzard
72
metanephridia
excretory organs where coelomic fluid enters the open end of each tubule, metabolic waste is removed via a pore through the body wall
73
cuticle
external layer protecting the skin
74
epidermis
cellular layer of tissue beneath the cuticle
75
what functions in DIRECT gas exchange with the environment and prevention of desiccation
cuticle
76
circular muscles
thin layer of muscular tissue which contracts = squeezes the worm long and thin
77
longitudinal muscles
thick layer of muscles beneath the circular muscles - when contracted = squeeze worm short and fat
78
what muscles squeezes the worm short and fat
longitudinal muscles
79
what muscles squeezes the worm long and flat
circular muscles
80
where are intestines located
centrally in coelom
81
cuticle and epidermis function
protection
82
circular and longitudinal function
locomotion
83
pharynx function
swallow food
84
gizzard function
break down food
85
repetitive body segments function
help the worm move
86
metanephridia function
remove metabolic waste
87
chaetae function
1. anchorage
2. locomotion
88
seminal vesicle function
sperm production
89
seminal receptacles
sperm storage
90
what are these structures
chaetae
91
1
pharynx
92
2
heart
93
3
seminal vesicles
94
4
septa
95
5
dorsal blood vessel
96
6
intestine
97
7
gizzard
98
8
crop
99
9
seminal receptacle
