eating disorders Flashcards
(24 cards)
clinical description of anorexia nervosa
- deliberate restriction of food intake
- morbid fear of gaining weight/ becoming fat
- body weight/shape strongly influences self evaulation
Two subtypes of anorexia
- restricting type (dieting/fasting)
2. Binge-eating/ purging
Medical consequences of anorexia
Amenorrhea (absence of 3 menstrul cycles)
sensitivity to cold (lanugo)
heart probs
electrolyte imbalance (if purging)
Anorexia prevalence/gender/onset
- less than 1%
-10x more common in women
onset- early teens (15-19)
Bulimia Nervosa clinical description
Binge- eating more than most people in a 2 hour period
compensatory behaviours- vommiting, laxatives, exercise
1x per week on average for 3 m
medical consequences of bulimia
vommiting:
- salivary gland enlargement
- eroded dental enamel
- electrolyte imbalance
- calluses on fingers/hands
Lacitive use:
-intestinal probs
Blumia- prevelence/onset and gender
1-2%
10X more common in women
teens
Binge eating disorder clinical disorder
Recurrent binge eating
-large amount of food (<2hrs)
-lack of control (1x week for 3 months)
NO compensatory behaviours
Binge episodes occur with 3 or more of the following
- eating more rapidly than normal
- eating until uncomfortably full
- large amounts when not physically hungry
- eating alone due to embarasment
- feeling disgusted after
binge eating prevelence, gender, onset
1-2%
2x more common in women
adolescence or young adulthood
Prior to DSM 5 what were eating issues diagnosed as when not reaching all criteria of other disorders
EDNOS (eating disorder not otherwise specified)
What does DSM consider eating issues that dont meet all the criteria and what are some ex
Unspecified
specified- Atylpical anorexia (low weight), Buemia/BED without meeting frequency, purging disorder, night eating syndrome
Biological influences of eating disorders
runs in families (4-5x greater risk)
lesions in hypothalmas
starvation may be linked to endogenous opiods and the feeling may be rewarding
social factors for eating disorders
- Thinness equals success (media)
- Scarlett ohara effect
how does family influence eating disorders
high levels of conflict
psychological influences (personality)
Retrospective–>
Perfectionism
shynesss
compliance
Personality–>
low self esteem
anxiety
elevated personality (especially negative emotions)
CBT theory of bulima
low self esteem/ high negative affect diet to feel better food intake restricted too much diet breaks and binge starts compastory behaviours start
Biological treatment of anorexia and bulima and effectiveness
anorexia- generally not effective
bulimia- decrease depression and purging, but high relapse
first and second goal of anorexia treatment
1st- must restore normal weight
2nd- keeping the weight on
barriers to treatment of anorexia
overal low incidence lack of consensus on best treatment variability in age of onset high cost complex interection of medical/psychological
% of people who recover, have residual symptoms and chronic anorexia
50% recover
30% have residual symptoms
20% chronic
Main AN findings in 2004 study
better treated earlier to onset
countries vary wildly in there approaches
4 steps of family method in treatment of AN
- Assesment- need for hospitalization
- Control rationale- parents are responsible for all aspects of childs eating
- weight gains- parents continous to control eating
- weight maintenece- control of eating transfered to adolescent
CBT for bulimia elements and efficacy
- education
- schedualed eating
- challenge dysfunctional thinking
efficacy- 50% improved sig.
