EC2

Question 1

What is an On-Demand Instance?

Answer 1

An instance that allows you to pay by the hour/second with no commitment

Question 2

What is a Reserved Instance?

Answer 2

An instance with reserved capacity that provides significant discounts to On-Demand. Requires 1-3 year contract.

Question 3

What is a Spot Instance?

Answer 3

Allows you to bid a price for an instance, providing greater savings. Good if you have flexible start/end times.

Question 4

What are Dedicated Hosts?

Answer 4

Physical EC2 servers dedicated to your use. Usually used by government etc.

Question 5

What is the charge when a Spot Instance is terminated?

Answer 5

If AWS terminates, you will not be charged for a partial hour. If you terminate, you will be charged for the full hour.

Question 6

What are the 3 types of Load Balancer available?

Answer 6

Application Load Balancer (ALB)
Network Load Balancer (NLB)
Classic Load Balancer (ELB)

Question 7

Define the Application Load Balancer

Answer 7

Operates at layer 7, and best suited to HTTP/HTTPS traffic.

Question 8

Define the Network Load Balancer

Answer 8

Operates at layer 4, and best suited to TCP traffic where extreme performance is required.

Question 9

Define the Classic Load Balancer

Answer 9

Uses features such as X-Forwarded-For header and sticky sessions.

Question 10

What is EFS?

Answer 10

A File Storage Service for EC2

Question 11

What are the 2 types of Placement Groups?

Answer 11

Clustered Placement Groups

Spread Placement Groups

Question 12

What is a Clustered Placement Group?

Answer 12

A group of instances in a single Availability Zone. Best suited to apps relying on low latency such as Big Data.

Question 13

What is a Spread Placement Group?

Answer 13

A group of instances that are on their owndistinct hardware, kept separate.

Question 14

What is the endpoint to get instance metadata?

Answer 14

http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/

Question 15

Can an EBS Volume be in a different AZ to an instance?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What is the difference between a snapshot and an image?

Answer 16

A snapshot is for backup

An image is for booting a new instance

Question 17

What are the 2 steps to copy a volume from one Availability Zone to another?

Answer 17

Create a snapshot of the Volume

Create a new Volume using the snapshot, selecting the desired Availability Zone in the process.

Question 18

What are the 3 steps to migrate an instance from one region to another?

Answer 18

Create a snapshot of the instance
Create an image from the snapshot
Copy the image to the new region and create an instance.

Question 19

What are the default and detailed monitoring times?

Answer 19

Default is 5 minutes

Detailed is 1 minute

Question 20

Why do we only get a DNS name for a Load Balancer?

Answer 20

Because the underlying IP address could change.

Question 21

What are the default settings for a security group?

Answer 21

All inbound traffic is blocked

All outbound traffic is allowed

Question 22

What is Elastic Block Store (EBS)?

Answer 22

Allows you to attach storage volumes to EC2 instances

Question 23

Can you block specific IP addresses in a security group?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

What 4 Cloudwatch Metrics are provided by default?

Answer 24

CPU
Disk
Network
Status

Question 25

What happens to an EBS volume after the EC2 instance its attached to is terminated?

Answer 25

It will be deleted. When creating the instance, "Delete on Termination" is selected by default

Question 26

Are security groups stateful or stateless?

Answer 26

They are stateful. When you create an inbound rule, that traffic is automatically allowed back out.

Question 27

How many Availability Zones can a placement group be deployed to?

Answer 27

One

Question 28

What is the default setting for termination protection?

Answer 28

It is disabled

Question 29

What are the 2 status checks for EC2 instances?

Answer 29

System Status Check | Instance Status Check

Question 30

What does a System Status Check do?

Answer 30

Checks the status of the underlying architecture

Question 31

What does an Instance Status Check do?

Answer 31

Checks that the OS can receive traffic

Question 32

What was topping me from ssh'ing into an EC2 instance after I added the correct rule to the security group?

Answer 32

The Internet Gateway was not attached to the VPC.

Question 33

What 2 volume types cannot be root volumes?

Answer 33

SC1 - Cold HDD | ST1 - Thhroughput Optimized HDD

Question 34

What are the 3 types of boot volumes?

Answer 34

GP2 - General Purpose SSD Io1 - Provisioned IOPS Magnetic

Question 35

Can I move a Reserved Instance from one region to another?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

For Multiple Availability Fault Tolerance, how can you ensure 100% of required servers are online?

Answer 36

Always assume the Availability Zone with the most instances is the one to fail.

Question 37

Are individual instances provisioned in regions or availability zones?

Answer 37

Availability Zones

Question 38

What are the 11 EC2 instance types?

Answer 38

``` F - Field Programmable Gateway I - IOPS G - Graphics H - High Disk Throughput T - Cheap Genreal Purpose D - Density R - RAM M - Main option for Genral Purpose C - Compute P - Graphics (pics) X - Extreme Memory ```

Question 39

What is Cloudwatch?

Answer 39

A monitoring service for your resources

Question 40

What is Cloudtrail?

Answer 40

A service that provides tracking and auditing for actions taken in your environment

Question 41

How many security groups can an instance have?

Answer 41

Multiple

Question 42

What are the 3 steps to move an EC2 instance from one region to another?

Answer 42

Create a snapshot Copy the snapshot to the new region Create an image from the snapshot