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CardioPulm > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

SA node inherent discharge rate

A

60-100 times per minute
- results in 60-100 BPM

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2
Q

AV node inherent discharge rate

A

40-60 times per minute
- generates HR 40-60 BPM

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3
Q

His-Purkinje fibers node inherent discharge rate

A

30-40 times per minute
- HR of 30-40 BPM

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4
Q

automaticity

A

able to discharge/depolarize without stimulation from a nerve, as is typical in other striated muscle cells

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5
Q

conductivity

A

The ability to spread impulses to adjoining cells very quickly without nerve involvement

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6
Q

P wave

A

atrial depolarization

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7
Q

PR interval

A

time between signal from SA node to AV node

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8
Q

Why do the purkinje fibers wrap back up the heart?

A

ventricles need to contract from the bottom up to push blood towards aorta

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9
Q

QRS complex

A

R and L ventricular depolarization

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10
Q

T wave

A

repolarization of the ventricles

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11
Q

Leads V1 and V2 are placed over the _________ of the heart

A

right side

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12
Q

Leads V3 and V4 are located over the ________________

A

interventricular septum

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13
Q

Leads V5 and V6 demonstrate changes on the ___________ of the heart.

A

left side

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14
Q

saying for telemetry leads

A

White right
snow over grass
brown ground
smoke over fire

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15
Q

What is first degree AV block? What will be seen on the ECG?

A

the impulse is initiated in the SA node but is delayed on the way to the AV node
- The delay may be initiated in the AV node itself, and the AV conduction time is prolonged

  • long PR interval (> 0.2 sec)
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16
Q

first degree AV block saying

A

If R is far from P, then you have first degree

17
Q

second degree AV block (Wenckeback)

A

Transient disturbance that occurs high in the AV junction and prevents conduction of some of the impulses through the AV node
- P wave starts normal then each subsequent one gets longer until it drops
- Drop means p wave with no signal (QRS)

  • This progressive lengthening of the P-R interval followed by a dropped QRS complex occurs in a repetitive cycle
18
Q

second degree AV block (Wenckeback) saying

A

Longer, longer, drop, then you have Wenckeback

19
Q

second degree AV block (Mobitz II) saying

A

If some p’s don’t get through, then you have Mobitz II
- p wave followed by no QRS wave

20
Q

third degree AV block

A

No impulses that are initiated above the ventricles are conducted to the ventricle
- P waves and QRS complex have no relationship

Very bad
- Ventricles are firing on their own because they are not getting p wave signal

21
Q

What HR would you expect with third degree AV block?

A

very slow HR because ventricles cannot beat that fast on their own

22
Q

third degree AV block saying

A

If Ps and Qs don’t agree, then you have 3rd degree

23
Q

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)/paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)

A
  • sudden recurrence of atrial tachycardia
  • normal rhythm then a random run of tachycardia
24
Q

symtpoms of Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)/paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)

A
  • tachycardia
  • dizziness
  • weakness
  • SOB
25
Q

atrial flutter ECG

A

sawtooth pattern - uniform due to only one ectopic focus

26
Q

A-fib

A

erratic quivering or twitching of the atrial muscle caused by multiple ectopic foci in the atria that emit electrical impulses constantly

27
Q

What does a fib have the potential for developing?

A

mural thrombi - clots inside the heart endothelium

28
Q

When are PVCs considered serious?

A
  • paired together
  • multifocal in origin
  • more frequent than 6 per minute
  • land directly on the T wave
  • present in triplets or more
29
Q

Vtach

A
  • 3 or more PVCs in a row
  • absent P waves
  • prolonged Q-T interval
  • squiggly lines
30
Q

treatment for vtach

A

cardioversion or defibrillation

31
Q

CO during vtach

A

severely diminished
- this is a medical emergency

32
Q

Vfib

A

erratic quivering of the ventricular muscle resulting in no cardiac output
- multiple ectopic foci fire creating asynchrony
- Start CPR

33
Q

What lead typically sees cardiac hypertrophy?

A

Typically seen in V5 because it is the left side of the heart

34
Q

What is an indication of ischemia on an ECG?

A
  • inverted T wave
  • S-T segment depression
35
Q

How many squares on an ECG = 1 sec? 6 sec?

A

5 big squares = 1 sec.
30 big squares = 6 sec.

36
Q

How to calculate HR w/ normal sinus rhythm?

A

300 divided by the number of big boxes in between each QRS

CardioPulm (7 decks)

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