Pulmonary Diagnostic Testing

Question 1

normal pH ranges

Answer 1

7.35 - 7.45

Question 2

normal PCO2

Answer 2

40

Question 3

normal PO2

Answer 3

97
- anything > 80 is normal
- < 80 = hypoxemia

Question 4

normal HCO3

Answer 4

24

Question 5

What type of breathing occurs with PaCO2 < 40?

Answer 5

hyperventilation
- less CO2

Question 6

What type of breathing occurs with PaCO2 > 40?

Answer 6

hypoventilation
- retain CO2

Question 7

At what PaCO2 level does ventilatory failure occur?

Answer 7

PaCO2 > 50 mmHg

Question 8

Acidemia vs alkalemia

Answer 8

acidemia = pH < 7.4

alkalemia = pH > 7.4

Question 9

PaO2 levels for mildly, moderately, and severely hypoxemic

Answer 9

PaO2 = 60 to 80 mm Hg—mildly hypoxemic

PaO2 = 40 to 60 mm Hg—moderately hypoxemic

PaO2 = 40 mm Hg—severely hypoxemic

Question 10

at what platelet value to you hold PT and only do supervised walking and light ADLs

Answer 10

< 1000

Question 11

at what hematocrit and hemoglobin level do you hold PT

Answer 11

HCT < 25%

HGB < 8

Question 12

What type of imaging is used for diagnosis of tumors vs calcifications or nodules?

Answer 12

computed tomography

Question 13

What type of imaging is the gold standard for looking at pulmonary embolism?

Answer 13

pulmonary arteriography

Question 14

Disadvantages of pulmonary arteriography? What is usually used instead?

Answer 14

• invasive, increased mortality, has complications, time consuming, and expensive

CT scan is more widely used

Question 15

T/F: Arterial blood gasses are time dependent

Answer 15

true

Question 16

What is anemia?

Answer 16

low hemoglobin, low RBC, low hematocrit

Question 17

What is polycythemia?

Answer 17

increase in hemoglobin, RBC, or hematocrit

Question 18

leukocytosis vs leukopenia

Answer 18

leukocytosis = increased WBC

leukopenia = decreased WBC