eco-systems

Question 1

what does the term habitat mean

Answer 1

where plants/animals live

Question 2

what does the term population mean

Answer 2

a group of organisms of one sepecies living in a habitat

Question 3

what does the term community mean

Answer 3

populations of different species living in a habitat

Question 4

what does the term ecosytem mean

Answer 4

the interaction of a community of a living organisms and abiotic factors

Question 5

what do plants compete for

Answer 5

• light
• space
• mineral ions
• water

Question 6

what do animals compete for

Answer 6

• food
• water
• territory
• mates

Question 7

whats intraspecific competion

Answer 7

competion between 2 individuals of the same species

Question 8

whats interspecific competion

Answer 8

competion between 2 individuals of different species

Question 9

what are abiotic factors?
what are biotic factors?

Answer 9

ABIOTIC - non living factors in an ecosystem
BIOTIC - living factors in an ecosystem

Question 10

give examples of abiotic factors

Answer 10

• light intensity
• temperature
• water
• soil & mineral content

Question 11

give examples of biotic factors which affect communitys

Answer 11

• new predators
• new pathogens
• ## avialbilty for food

Question 12

what can a change in abiotic/biotic factor lead to?

Answer 12

lead to an inc/dec in the size of population or community.

Question 13

what are trophic levels

Answer 13

feeding stages within a food chain

Question 14

level 1 = plants and algae
what are producers?

Answer 14

organisms that make their own food - from sunlight

Question 15

level 2 = herbivores
what are primary producers?

Answer 15

only eat plats/alage etc

Question 16

level 3 = carnivores
what are secondary producers?

Answer 16

eat herbivores

Question 17

level 4 = carnivores
what are tertiary consumers?

Answer 17

eat other carnivores

Question 18

level 5 = carnivores
what are apex predators?

Answer 18

have no other predators

Question 19

what is biomass?

Answer 19

mass of organic material that makes up a living organism

Question 20

what is lost as you go up a food chain/trophic levels?
meaning the higher you go up..

Answer 20

• loss of energy
• there is less energy / les biomass

Question 21

name 3 things that cause a loss in biomass:

Answer 21

• absorbed material is lost as waste e.g water, urea
• not all material is absorbed
• LARGE amount of glucose are used in repsiration

Question 22

what is a food web

Answer 22

a network of food chains showing the relationship/links between organisms

Question 23

what is interdependence?

Answer 23

within a community each species depend on each other to survive

Question 24

explain the interpendence between predators and prey?

Answer 24

if the population of prey increases the preadators increases & prey decreases = predator decrease

Question 25

give 3 adaptations an organism may need to do:

Answer 25

- structual e.g body colour - behavioural e.g migration - functional e.g internal changes

Question 26

give 3 extreme enviroments:

Answer 26

- high temps - high pressure - high salt concentration

Question 27

what are organims living in extreme enviroments called?

Answer 27

extremophiles