Ecology Flashcards

Question

what is mutualism?

Answer 1

where both organisms benefit (partners, mutual friends)

Answer 2

where one organism benefits without affecting the other

Answer 3

One organism harmed while the other is not affected

Answer 4

Neither affected by the other

Answer 5

Lion and Zebra: Lions hunt and kill zebras for food. Eagle and Fish: Eagles catch and eat fish from lakes and rivers. Wolf and Deer: Wolves hunt and prey on deer.

Answer 6

Tapeworm and Human: Tapeworms live in the intestines of humans, absorbing nutrients from their host. Flea and Dog: Fleas feed on the blood of dogs, causing irritation and sometimes transmitting diseases. Mistletoe and Trees: Mistletoe plants attach to trees and extract water and nutrients from them.

Answer 7

Lions and Hyenas: Both species compete for the same prey, such as wildebeest, in African savannas. Trees in a Forest: Different tree species compete for sunlight, water, and nutrients in a densely packed forest. Barnacles on a Rock: Barnacles compete for space on rocks in intertidal zones.

Answer 8

Bees and Flowers: Bees get nectar from flowers for food, while flowers get pollinated. Clownfish and Sea Anemones: Clownfish receive protection from predators by living among the stinging tentacles of sea anemones, which in turn get cleaned by the fish. Humans and Gut Bacteria: Beneficial bacteria in the human gut help with digestion and synthesize vitamins, while getting a habitat and nutrients.

Answer 9

Barnacles and Whales: Barnacles attach to the skin of whales, gaining a place to live and access to plankton as the whale moves, while the whale is unaffected. Cattle Egrets and Cattle: Cattle egrets eat insects stirred up by grazing cattle, without affecting the cattle. Epiphytic Plants and Trees: Epiphytic plants, like orchids, grow on trees to access sunlight, without harming the tree.

Answer 10

Walnut Tree and Plants Below: Walnut trees release chemicals (juglone) that inhibit the growth of other plants beneath them. Penicillium Mold and Bacteria: Penicillium mold produces penicillin, which kills bacteria around it. Large Tree and Smaller Plants: A large tree might shade smaller plants, limiting their access to sunlight and stunting their growth.

Answer 11

Tigers and Deer: In a dense forest, tigers and certain deer species may not affect each other's populations directly. Frogs and Birds in a Rainforest: Frogs and birds that live in the same area without directly interacting or affecting each other. Sharks and Sea Cucumbers: In the ocean, sharks and sea cucumbers might coexist without directly impacting each other.

Answer 12

Producers, such as plants.

Answer 13

first order.

Answer 14

They break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Answer 15

First Order Consumers: These are herbivores that eat plants. Think of rabbits munching on grass.

Answer 16

Second Order Consumers: These are carnivores or omnivores that eat first-order consumers. For example, a snake eating a rabbit.

Answer 17

Third Order Consumers: These are larger carnivores or omnivores that eat second-order consumers. Like a hawk eating a snake.

Answer 18

Apex Predators: These are the top predators in the food chain with no natural predators. Think of lions or great white sharks.

Answer 19

the ecological niche involves both the place where an organism lives, and the roles that an organism plays

Answer 20

is a species that may be in low population size but has a profound effect on species in lower trophic levels

Answer 21

Population is a group of organisms of the same species that live together in a certain area.

Answer 22

different groups of organisms that live together in a particular environment

Answer 23

- the number of organisms at each level increases - the amount biomass (g/m) at each level decreases - the amount of energy (J) at each level decreases

Answer 24

chemical stored energy

Answer 25

measures the amount of food available at each trophic level.

Ecology Flashcards

To get an A (51 cards)