Ecology and The Enviroment

Question 1

What Is A Producer?

Answer 1

A producer is something that makes its own food

almost always a plant

Question 2

What Is A Consumer?

Answer 2

An animal that eats another Animal

Question 3

What Is a Predator?

Answer 3

A predator Is an Animal that cannot make its own food but needs to get food

Question 4

What Is A Prey?

Answer 4

Prey is an animal that is eaten by another animal

Question 5

What Is A Herbivore?

Answer 5

A Herbivore is an animal that only eats plants

Question 6

What Is A Carnivore?

Answer 6

A Carnivore is an animal that only eats meat

Question 7

What is A Omnivore?

Answer 7

An Omnivore is an animal that eats both meat and plants

Question 8

What is An Autrotoph?

Answer 8

An Autrotroph is an organism that makes its own food

Question 9

What is A Heterotroph?

Answer 9

A Heterotroph is an organism that consumes food

Question 10

What is the order of a food chain?

Answer 10

Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer.

Question 11

What does A food Chain Show?

Answer 11

A Food Chain shows the feeding Relationship between different organisms in a particular enviroment

Question 12

What do the arrows in a food chain show?

Answer 12

The transfer of energy between trophic levels

Question 13

What is the source of all energy in the food chain?

Answer 13

The Sun

Question 14

What is The Enviroment?

Answer 14

All the conditions that surround a living organism

Question 15

What is the Habitat

Answer 15

A place where an Organism lives

Question 16

What is the Population?

Answer 16

All the members of a single species that live in the habitat

Question 17

What is the Community?

Answer 17

All the populations of the different species that live in the habitat

Question 18

What is the Ecosystem?

Answer 18

A community and the Habitat in which the organism lives in

Question 19

What is a Food Web?

Answer 19

A Food Web is a system of interlocking independent food chains

Question 20

What is the Pyramid Of Numbers?

Answer 20

The Pyramid Of Numbers represents the total number of different species at each trophic level. It also shows how much a certain number of species can feed another.

Question 21

What is the Pyramids of Biomass?

Answer 21

The Biomass is the mass of living material in each trophic level.

Question 22

What are the Characteristics of The Pyramids Of Numbers?

Answer 22

.Not all pyramid of numbers have a classic Pyramid Shape
.Smaller Bar = Larger Biomass
.Represents the number of organisms
.Doesnt consider Biomass

Question 23

What are the Characteristics of The Pyramids of Biomass?

Answer 23

.Will always have a typical shape
.Pyramid of Biomass shows you the transfer of energy
.Bar represents number of Biomass

Question 24

Why does the Biomass Decrease at each Trophic Level?

Answer 24

The Biomass decreases at each trophic level because some of the energy is lost at each trophic level (90%).
This is because the Biomass is used to produce wasted compounds such as Growth Respiration etc:. This means that

Question 25

Where is energy lost in a producer?

Answer 25

30% of absorbed energy lost in photosynthesis 5% of absorbed energy lost as heat 5% of absorbed energy turned to chemical energy 50% wrong wavelength 5% reflected 5% passes through the leaf

Question 26

Where is energy lost in a primary consumer?

Answer 26

30% lost as heat (respiration) 10% used for growth 60% lost in urine and faeces (excretion)

Question 27

Why does the Biomass decrease?

Answer 27

The Biomass decreases at each trophic level because energy is lost using the Biomass to produce wasted compounds such as... This means that the Biomass becomes smaller as there is less of it and this process repeats between each trophic level

Question 28

Is it More efficent to eat a piece of bread or meat?

Answer 28

It is more efficent to eat bread because bread is made up of yeast which means it has a higher trophic level meaning that there would be a higher Biomass as not as much energy is wasted

Question 29

What is the difference between egestion and excretion?

Answer 29

Egestion: Excretion: Faeces Urea Undigested Food Digested Not made in cells Made in Cells

Question 30

How do Plants absorb the Nitrogen into their roots

Answer 30

By Active Transport of Nitrate Ions

Question 31

What is the Carbon Cycle?

Answer 31

Cycling of Carbon around the Ecosytem

Question 32

How is Photosynthesis involved in the Carbon Cycle?

Answer 32

This removes carbon dioxide from the air and fixes carbon in plant tissue.

Question 33

How is Respiration involved in the Carbon Cycle?

Answer 33

Releases Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere.

Question 34

How is Absorption and Assimilation involved in the Carbon Cycle?

Answer 34

Carbon stored in biomass is transferred to the next trophic level and assimilated in to the next organism

Question 35

How is Death and Egestion involved in the Carbon Cycle?

Answer 35

Deqath of animals leads to decomposition and Egestion releases Detritus

Question 36

How is Decomposition involved in the carnbon cycle?

Answer 36

This releases Carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as the bacteria and fungi respire.

Question 37

How is FOssilisation incvolved in the Carbon CYcle?

Answer 37

This converts the products of photosynthesis into, coal oil and gas.

Question 38

How is Combustion involved in the Carbn Cycle?

Answer 38

This converts coal, wood, oil and gas into carbon dioxide gas and water

Question 39

What drives the Water Cycle?

Answer 39

The SUn (Evaporation)

Question 40

How is Evaporation involved in the water cycle?

Answer 40

when liquid water is heated by the sun and turns into water | vapour

Question 41

How is Transpiration involved in the water cycle?

Answer 41

The evaporation and diffusion of water vapour out of the

Question 42

How is run off involved in the water cycle?

Answer 42

water which has precipitated runs off into streams and rivers where it then returns to the sea

Question 43

How is Precipitation involved in the water cycle?

Answer 43

the process in which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from clouds in the sky

Question 44

How is COndensation involved in the water cycle?

Answer 44

-the process in which water vapour (a gas) in the air turns into liquid water. As water starts to condense it forms clouds in the sky.

Question 45

How is Absorption involved in the water cycle?

Answer 45

plants and animals absorb water, which is necessary for metabolic processes.

Question 46

What are the three forms of nitrogen that involved in the Nitrogen cycle?

Answer 46

Nitrogen Gas - N2 Nitrates- NO-3 Ammonium Ions- NH4+

Question 47

Explain how the Carbon CYcle Works and draw a diagram?

Answer 47

1. ) Starts with Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere 2. ) There is only one way that Carbon can enter the carbon cycle. (Via Photosynthesis). The Carbon is used to make Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats (Makes up the cells of Plants and Algae). 3. ) Plants and animals can be Aerobically Respire letting carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere 4. ) When Plants and Algae have the Carbon. Animals feed on Plants and Algae therefore also gaining Carbon 5. ) Just like Plants animals Respire letting Carbon go back into the atmosphere 6. ) Animals decompose leaving Carbon in dead waste and remains 7. ) These are the broke down by Decomposing microorganisms (They also release mineral Ions into the soil) and when decomposing microorganism respire. The Carbon in the waste returns as CO2 8. ) Under Certain Conditions (lack of oxygen etc:) Decomposers cannot function effectively 9. ) Carbon in dead remains can slowly be converted into fossil fuels 10. ) Because of this over millions of years carbon will be trapped underground as fossil fuels 11. ) Fossil Fuels are used for combustion releasing Carbon Dioxide into the atmospher

Question 48

Why is the Nitrogen Cycle important?

Answer 48

Needed for nutrition in crops

Question 49

Explain the Nitrogen Cycle and give an explanation?

Answer 49

1. ) Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria converts Nitrogen in the air to Nitrogen in the soil 2. ) Nitrates absorbed by Plants and then used to make amino Acids (However Some Denytrfying Bacteria in the soil break down nitrates into nitrogen gas which return to the air) 3. ) Amino Acids passes into the animals when they have eaten plants 4. ) Nitrogen remain in waste products and dead remains when animals die which goes to the soil 5. ) Decomposing Bacteria converts Nitrogen into Ammonia 6. ) Nitrifying Bacteria converts Ammonia into nitrates