Ecology final test

Question 1

What are biotic components in an ecosystem

Answer 1

Living parts like plants animals fungi and bacteria

Question 2

What are abiotic components in an ecosystem

Answer 2

Nonliving parts like sunlight water air soil and temperature

Question 3

How do biotic and abiotic parts help the ecosystem

Answer 3

Biotic parts form food chains and interact while abiotic parts control where life can grow and survive

Question 4

What are the 4 spheres of Earth

Answer 4

Atmosphere air Hydrosphere water Lithosphere land Biosphere life

Question 5

How do Earth’s spheres work together

Answer 5

Living things need air water and land to survive and all parts affect each other

Question 6

What is a producer

Answer 6

An organism that makes its own food usually plants

Question 7

What is a consumer

Answer 7

An organism that eats other organisms

Question 8

What is a herbivore

Answer 8

An animal that eats only plants

Question 9

What is a carnivore

Answer 9

An animal that eats only other animals

Question 10

What is an omnivore

Answer 10

An animal that eats both plants and animals

Question 11

What is a scavenger

Answer 11

An animal that eats dead animals

Question 12

What is a decomposer

Answer 12

Organisms like fungi and bacteria that break down dead things

Question 13

What is a predator

Answer 13

An animal that hunts and eats other animals

Question 14

What is prey

Answer 14

An animal that is hunted and eaten

Question 15

What is a population

Answer 15

A group of the same species living in the same area

Question 16

What is a habitat

Answer 16

The natural home of a plant or animal

Question 17

What is a niche

Answer 17

The role an organism plays in its environment

Question 18

What is an ecosystem

Answer 18

A community of living and nonliving things working together

Question 19

What is a trophic level

Answer 19

A level in a food chain like producer or consumer

Question 20

What is carrying capacity

Answer 20

The largest number of organisms an environment can support

Question 21

How does energy move in a food chain

Answer 21

It starts from the sun then moves to plants to herbivores and then carnivores while energy is lost at each step

Question 22

What is the carbon cycle

Answer 22

Plants take in carbon dioxide animals eat the plants and carbon is released through breathing and decomposing

Question 23

What is the nitrogen cycle

Answer 23

Bacteria change nitrogen gas into a form plants can use and it moves through the food chain and returns to the soil

Question 24

What is photosynthesis

Answer 24

A process where plants use sunlight water and carbon dioxide to make oxygen and sugar

Question 25

What is cellular respiration

Answer 25

A process where plants and animals use oxygen and sugar to make energy carbon dioxide and water

Question 26

How are photosynthesis and respiration connected

Answer 26

The products of one are the materials needed for the other and they recycle energy and matter

Question 27

What is a limiting factor in a population

Answer 27

Something that stops a population from growing like not enough food water or space

Question 28

What does an energy pyramid show

Answer 28

It shows how energy decreases at each level in a food chain

Question 29

Why are producers at the bottom of the energy pyramid

Answer 29

They get energy from the sun and support all other levels

Question 30

Why does energy decrease in the energy pyramid

Answer 30

Most energy is used by the organism or lost as heat

Question 31

What do decomposers do in the energy pyramid

Answer 31

They break down dead things and return nutrients to the soil

Question 32

Where do photosynthesis and respiration fit in the energy pyramid

Answer 32

Photosynthesis brings in energy at the bottom and respiration uses that energy throughout the system