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bio 181 > Ecology Week 2 > Flashcards

Ecology Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Exponential growth

A

J curve
Unlimited

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2
Q

Carrying capacity

A

Max number of specieas an area con sustain

If population goes over species will die

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3
Q

Logístic growth

A

Starts like j curve but the closer it gets to it’s carrying capacity the rate of change will slow down creating an a shape

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4
Q

R selected

A

J curve
Mature quickly
Shorter longevity
Decreased parents care
Decreased competitive ability (weak sauce)
Way more offspring
Smaller offspring
Mature quickly

Type 3

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5
Q

K selected

A

Have a s curve or logistic growth
Greater longevity
Mature slowly
Increased parental care
Increase compete ability (strong mo fo)
Less off spring
Larger offspring
Type 1

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6
Q

Humans

A

K selected but apear exponential
We can change are environment so we cheat

The wider the base the faster at larger the growth

Column means no growth 
Narrower means decline

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7
Q

Population dependent v independent factors

A

Does it have to do with size

Dependent : as density increases
Effect increases

Independiente: no correlation ie disasters

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8
Q

Predation

A

Predator +
Pray -

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9
Q

Herbivory

A

Animal +
Plant -

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10
Q

Compition

A

Negative for both sides
Causes one side to die and requires lots of energy

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11
Q

Facilitation

A

So when something grows in an area that makes it livable for other species
Original species 0 new species +

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12
Q

Mutualism

A

Symbiosis
Both benefit
Co evolved

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13
Q

Parasitism

A

+-
Relies on the host for nutrients
Host doesn’t die

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14
Q

Commensalism

A

One thing + and the other is nuetral 0

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15
Q

Amensalism

A

One organism is harmed and the other is no benefit

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16
Q

Mechanical defenses

A

Physical property
Ie thorns shells spikes etc

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17
Q

Chemical defense

A

Toxins poisons bad smell etc

18
Q

Cryptic shape / color

A

Camouflage ie. Camilian stock bug

19
Q

Aposematic coloration

A

Want to be seen
Bright colors or patterns that warn of bad tastes or poisons

20
Q

Batesian mimicry

A

Harmless species that looks like the harmful species

21
Q

Mullirían

A

Many harmful organisms that mimic each other

22
Q

Niche

A

What it does
What it eats
What eats it
What chemicals and nutrients it provides

23
Q

Fundamental vs realized niche

A

Fundamental is what it can do if it has too (survival)

Realized what it does under normal circumstances (small circle)

24
Q

Foundational species

A

Creates habitat for other species to live that would not exists with out them (beavers)

25
Q

Keystone species

A

Species who’s pressence brings about and maintains a higher biodiversity

26
Q

Primary succession

A

No life left
Volcanic eruption
Gaicer retreat

27
Q

Secondary successor

A

Still some life left
Fire floods
Pioneer species lay the ground work for more species to come in the future

28
Q

Drivers of behavior

A

Predation
Locating and get resources
Competion
Malentities
Locating a mate and f ing
Interpreting messages and cues

Responses may very throughout the life span

29
Q

Ultimate cause

A

The evolutionary cause
The pressure

30
Q

Proximate cause

A

The trigger or why they are doing it right now

31
Q

Innate behaviors

A

Inherited or genetic
No one had to teach them
Instinct

32
Q

Learned behaviors

A

Things that are learned over time

33
Q

Simple reflexes

A

Are inste behaviors
Where this an involuntary rapid response to a stimulus

34
Q

Fixed action pattern

A

Inate behavior
Has to go through complete course of action before it can stop
Like complex reflex

35
Q

Other innate behaviors

A

Migration
Foraging
Signal displays ( ie non verbal verbal or even chemical communication to help find a mate or a partner as well as too warn or distract)
Altruism ( sacrifice one self for the common good of the group)

36
Q

Habituations

A

Learned
When something learns to ignore a stimulus

37
Q

Imprinting

A

Learned behavior
Age specific and independent of species
Youth attach themselves to first large object they see

38
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Learned behavior
When an organism learns tow associate two separate stimuli

39
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Use positive or negative reinforcement to incourage or discourage a certain behavior

40
Q

Cognitive learning

A

Using your brain to learn
Watch and doing
Following instruction and listening and reading

Trial

bio 181 (12 decks)

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