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Science > Ecosystems Review > Flashcards

Ecosystems Review Flashcards

1
Q

If an insect can no longer be killed by a particular insecticide, it has developed a _________to the chemical

A

Resistance

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2
Q

Most bacteria, including the kinds that cause disease and those found in garden soil, belong to the __________kingdom

A

Eubacteria

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3
Q

The initial source of food in most land ecosystems is ________

A

Plants

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4
Q

The living and once living parts of an ecosystem, including all the plants and animals, are _______factors in the ecosystem

A

Biotic

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5
Q

The nonliving parts of an ecosystem,such as rocks, light, air,and temperature, are _________factors in the ecosystem

A

Abiotic

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6
Q

Raccoons in Tennessee and raccoons in Illinois are members of the same _________,while all the raccoons in a forest in Wisconsin are a ________ of raccoons

A

Species

Population

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7
Q

The place where an organism lives and that had the resources the organism needs is its __________

A

Habitat

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8
Q

Darwin proposed that _______ __________ is the mechanism for __________ the change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next

A

Natural selection

Evolution

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9
Q

An inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in a certain environment is an _________

A

Adaptation

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10
Q

Is collie is a breed of dog that exists because of ________selection

A

Artificial

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11
Q

Bacteria are members of the _____________ or _________kingdoms

A

Archaebacteria

Eubacteria

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12
Q

Algae are a type of organism in the kingdom of __________

A

Protist

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13
Q

Unlike other organisms, ________do not have cell nuclei

A

Bacteria

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14
Q

Yeasts that make bread rise belong to the _________kingdom

A

Fungi

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15
Q

Many-celled organisms that have cell walls and make their own food are known as ______

A

Plants

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16
Q

A process in which energy from the sun is used to make sugar molecules is called___________

A

Photosynthesis

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17
Q

In deep-ocean ecosystems, the ___________ that escapes from the cracks in the ocean floor is used by bacteria to make their own food

A

Chemicals

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18
Q

Organisms that get their food by breaking down dead organisms are called ___________

A

Decomposers

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19
Q

A process within the cell of an organism that uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy is called __________ ____________

A

Cellular respiration

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20
Q

Some natural disasters, such as ____, help some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth

A

fire

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21
Q

on new islands formed by volcanic activity, you will most likely find_____succession

A

primary

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22
Q

the first organisms to colonize any newly available area are known as ______

A

pioneer species

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23
Q

when energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, only about ______of the energy is passed to the next level

A

10 percent

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24
Q

excessive use of ______on lawns and gardens can affect the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in nearby lakes and streams

A

fertilizer

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25
Q

during succession, a final and stable community is referred to as a ______

A

climax community

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26
Q

succession that occurs on abandoned farmland is called ________succession

A

secondary

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27
Q

horses and cattle are _______because they only eat producers

A

herbivores

28
Q

organisms called ____________ _______ can transform unusable nitrogen in the atmosphere into chemical compounds containing nitrogen that can be used by other organisms

A

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

29
Q

a lion is an example of a group of consumers called ______

A

carnivores

30
Q

bacteria and fungi are examples of a group of consumers called _______

A

decomposers

31
Q

the energy transfer in a ______is more complex than energy transfer in a food chain, because the interaction between many organisms is considered

A

food web

32
Q

the ultimate source of energy for all organisms except those living deep in the ocean near a thermal vent is the ______

A

sun

33
Q

in the carbon cycle, the source of carbon for producers is the _______

A

atmosphere

34
Q

underground carbon sources composed of plants and animals that died millions of years ago are known as _______ _____

A

fossil fuels

35
Q

the incredibly diverse vegetation in the ___ ________ __________ is responsible for the evolution of numerous highly specialized animal species

A

the Tropical Rainforest

36
Q

a ______ biome has an annual rainfall of less than 25cm

A

desert

37
Q

Biomes found up to 30 degrees north or south of the equator are often ______

A

tropical rainforests

38
Q

a ______biome recieves 200 to 450 cm of rain per year

A

rainforest

39
Q

a forest that receives relatively little rainfall and has acidic soil would be located near the _____ _____

A

arctic circle

40
Q

a forest that is located about ___ _____north latitude would have fallen leaves on the forest floor during the fall

A

40 degrees

41
Q

animals such as pronghorn, bison, and badgers live on the North American _____

A

Prairie

42
Q

most _______plants are low-lying evergreen shrubs and trees with small leathery leaves

A

chaparral

43
Q

in the tundra, the frozen layer of soil just beneath the surface is called the _______

A

permafrost

44
Q

biomes are classified and often named according to their ________, which determines which other organisms that can live there

A

vegetation

45
Q

during harsh winters, animals of the _____have adaptions such as the ability to change color to avoid predators

A

taiga

46
Q

the climate of a biome is determined mostly by average _________and precipitation

A

temperature

47
Q

vegetation in biomes where _____is scarce consists predominantly of short trees, shrubs, and grasses

A

water

48
Q

plankton forms the ____of the marine food web

A

base

49
Q

in estuaries, fresh water and salt water mix, forming a ______trap

A

nutrient

50
Q

a ______ lake has a large amount of plant growth due to nutrients

A

trophic

51
Q

excessive nutrient growth in an aquatic ecosystem can be accelerated by a ______

A

a runoff

52
Q

Long, thin _____islands typically run parallel to a shore

A

barrier

53
Q

the amount of dissolved salts in water is known as ______

A

salinity

54
Q

a river changes with the ____and ______through which it flows

A

land

climate

55
Q

downstream, a river often widens and flows more ______

A

slowly

56
Q

coral polyps secrete skeletons of ________/______ ________ that slowly accumulate and form coral reefs

A

limestone/calcium carbonate

57
Q

corals live only in shallow, ____ water where there is enough light for photosynthesis

A

warm

58
Q

most ocean population can be traced to activities on ____

A

land

59
Q

most of the food in aquatic ecosystems is produced by ____________

A

phytoplankton

60
Q

marshes are dominated by _________plants while swamps contain mainly ______ plants

A

Grassy

woody

61
Q

Levels of organization smallest to largest

A 
Organism
Population
Community 
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
62
Q

Earths layers inner to outer

A

Inner core
Outer core
Mantle
Crust

63
Q

Algae

A

Group of produce

64
Q

Plants

A

Multicellular

Go through photosyhbthesis

65
Q

Tectonic plates cause 2 things what are they

A

Earthquakes

Volcanoes

Science (14 decks)

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