Education Flashcards
(49 cards)
What are three key roles of education according to a functionalist?
Socialisation, economic and selection.
What is meant by education performs the role of socialisation?
Durkheim. Schools teach shared values and society’s norms, it reinforces value consensus through the process of secondary socialisation. Encourages children to socialise with other members of society which binds students together and encourages social solidarity, shared identity
What is a weakness of Durkheim view of education?
School curriculum reinforces middle class values rather than the whole of society’s values. Bullying and ranking students are examples where social solidarity doesn’t take place.
What does parsons believe the role of the education system is?
Secondary socialisation as it acts as a bridge between family and society and it prepares you for work so acts as an economic role. Status is achieved based on merit. Equal opportunity for all. Encourages competitive values. Miniature version of society. Teaches skills needed for work through the hidden curriculum.
What is a weakness of parsons idea of the education system?
Meritocracy isn’t real as some children have advantages and disadvantages. Statistics shows patterns of people who do well and people who don’t.
What do Davis and Moore think of education?
Performs role allocation/selection. Sifts and sorts students to their particulate work role. Talent is unequally distributed through innate ability. Jobs have different rewards so inequality is necessary.
What is a weakness of Davi’s and Moores idea?
What are the most important jobs in society? Education system doesn’t adequately prepare you for work.
Wha are the two functions of education according to Marxist Althusser?
Reproduces class inequality (state and private education) , legitimated class inequality ( accept ruling class ideology) . Education is the main agency for ideological control. Schools reinforce rc ideology and forces students to accept capitalist system. Meritocracy is a myth.
How does school mirror work in 5 ways (Bowles and gintis) ?
Alienation- lack of control decision making. Extrinsic satisfaction- through rewards. Hierarchy of authority- roles. Fragmentation of knowledge- small meaningless tasks. Competition and division- differences in pay.
What do Bowles and gintis believe the education system does?
Creates a surplus of skilled labour. Children are taught more than they need to know and are over educated. This maintains a high rate of unemployment which helps reserve the army of labour. So the wc become scared of loosing their job and being replaces so don’t rebel against oppression.
What does Marxists Willis believe?
Willis rejects b&g view of students being passive and docile. “Lads” reject rc ideology and can join to form counter school culture. Focus on having a laugh to cope with boredom felt in school and in work, instant gratification. Messing around at school prepared them for exploitation.
How do schools determine a students “class”?
If a student receives free school meals, pupil premium, lac, they are considered to live in an economically disadvantaged family.
What internal factors cause differential educational achievement in working class?
Streaming, less likely to go to a private school, focus on humour, cultural capital.
What external factors cause differential educational achievement in working class?
Material deprivation, cultural deprivation and linguistic deprivation
What does it mean to be materially deprived and how would it affect education?
Lacking money/resources needed to succeed in education. Can’t buy equipment; calculators pens revision guides etc. Housing ; no space to study may have to share a room so less sleep, damp can cause illness so miss school. Diet and health can result in missing school working class children are more likely to lack a routine which increases emotional and behavioural problems
What is cultural deprivation?
Inadequacies in primary socialisation may have an impact on student achievement. Working class parents more likely to have worse jobs so don’t value education, may not be able to help with homework, uninterested in parents evenings, develop fatalistic attitudes
What is immediate gratification?
Taking rewards at the earliest opportunity, enjoying your life now rather than working hard to enjoy it later. More likely to be working class
What is deferred gratification ?
Work hard and make sacrifices to have a more enjoyable future. More likely to be middle class.
What is habitus?
A social classes habitual ways of thinking, being and acting eg lifestyles and expectations about what is normal
What is Marxist bourdieu view on cultural capital?
Refers to the knowledge, attitudes, values language tastes and abilities of the middle class. Mc students possess cultural capital giving them an advantage as their culture is valued in the education system, curriculum favours cultural capital
What does bourdieu mean by “loosing yourself” in education ?
Working class students feel as if they are loosing themselves if they succeed in school as it’s in authentic. You can only succeed it education if you are middle class so you have to change the way you are to fit.
What does Feinstein argue about diffential educational achievement amongst class?
Parents own education is the most important factor affecting children achievement . Parenting style, emphasis on high expectations discipline etc. Language, use of income, spend on educational visits and toys
What is meant by linguistic deprivation?
Bernstein argued that the language codes or the way children use speech influences their achievement, wc experience linguistic deprivation.
Who uses elaborate code?
Middle class, teachers and exam boards which allows middle class to have an advantage in school. It includes broader vocabulary, more detail and is grammatically well structured
