Education: class Flashcards
(56 cards)
What does Hubbs Tait et al say about language
When parents use language that challenges their children to evaluate their own ability and understanding, cognitive function improves
What does Feinstein say about class differences in language
MC parents are more likely to use language that challenges their children
What does Feinstein say about difference in parenting styles between classes
Educated (MC) parents more likely to use praise which encourages their child to develop their own competence
What do Berieter and Englemann say about working class language
- The language is deficient
- Lower class families communicate through gestures, single words or disjointed phrases
What does Bernstein say about the differences between speech of MC and WC
- WC use restricted code
- MC use elaborated code
What is the restricted code
- Spoken by WC
- Has a limited vocab and is based on short, often unfinished, gramatically simple sentences
- Speech is predictable and may involve only a single word or a gesture
- It is context bound and assumes the listener shares the same set of experiences
What is the elaborated code
- Used by MC
- Has a wider vocab and is based on longer, grammatically more correct sentences
- Speech is more varied and communicates abstract ideas
- It is context free so the speaker doesnt assume the listener has the same experiences
How do Bernsteins speech codes put WC students at a disadvantage
- The elaborative code is used by teachers, textbooks and exams
- Bernstein considers it a more effective tool for analysing and reasoning
How is Bernstein argued to be a cultural deprivation theorist
- He recognises that the school as well as the home are responsible for pupils achievement
- WC students dont fail beause they are culturally deprived but because schools fail to teacah them how to use the elaborative code
What does Douglas argue about the role of the parents
WC parents put less value on education so are less ambitious for their children, gave them less encouragement and took less interest in their education
What does Feinstein argue about parents education
MC parents tend to be better educated and are able to give their children an advantage by how they socialise them through:
- Parenting style
- Parents educational behaviours
- Use of income
How does MC parenting style affect educational achievement
- Educated parents parenting style emphasises consistent discipline and high expectations of their children
- Active learning and exploration is encouraged
How does WC parenting style affect educational achievement
- Less educated parents parenting style is more harsh or inconsistent discipline that emphasises doing what youre told
- This prevents the child learning independence and self control leading to poorer motivation at school
How does parents educational behaviours affect educational achievement
- Educated parents more aware of what is needed to assist their childs educational progress
- More able to get expert advice on childrearing
- More successful in establishing good relationships with teachers
- Better at guiding their childs interactions with school
What does Bourdieu say are the 3 types of capital
- Cultural capital
- Economic capital
- Educational captial
How does Bordieu describe cultural capital
The knowledge, attitudes, values, languages, tastes and abilities of the middle class
How does Bourdieu argue schools view working class and middle class students
- MC students abilities and interests are viewed highly
- WC students culture is devalued as rough and inferior
How does Bourdieu agrue cultural economic and educational capital can be conterted into each other
Economic capital can convert into educational capital as MC parents can afford to live in the catchment areas of better schools
How do Leech and Campos argue MC parents benefit from catchment areas
Selection by mortgage - MC parents can afford to live in catchment areas of better schools
How did Sullivan prove Bourdieus ideas of cultural capital
- She used questionnaires to survey 465 pupils in 4 schools
- She found that those who read complex fiction and watched serious tv documentaries developed a wider vocabulary and greated cultural knowledge
- The children with the highest cultural capital were the children of graduates and were more likely to be successful in their GCSEs
How did Sullivan prove that cultural capital isnt the biggest factor for differences in class achievement
Even when pupils of different classes had the same cultural capital, the middle class student still did better
What is habitus
The learned, taken for granted ways of thinking, being or acting that are shared by a particular social class
How does habitus relate to symbolic capital
Schools have a middle class habitus so pupils who have been socialised into middle class tastes gain symbolic capital from the school
What is symbolic violence according to Bourdieu
- Withholding of symbolic capital
- Devaluing working class habitus and viewing their tastes as worthless
