education - internal factors

Question 1

examples of internal factors

Answer 1

•labelling
•streaming
•bullying
•resources

Question 2

definition: labelling

Answer 2

to label someone is to attach a meaning or definition due to stereotypes regardless of someone’s ability.

Question 3

definition: labelling

Answer 3

to label someone is to attach a meaning or definition due to stereotypes regardless of someone’s ability.

Question 4

becker

Answer 4

• ideal pupil
• work, conduct and appearance
• teachers labelled due to these

Question 5

jorgensen

Answer 5

• teachers has different notions of ideal pupil
• w/c - discipline issues •m/c - few discipline

Question 6

evaluation of labelling theory

Answer 6

• deterministic - not everyone will underachieve and accept the label given
• marxist- ignores wider structures and blames teachers with no explanation

Question 7

paul willis

Question 8

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 8

an expectation/belief that can influence your behaviours, causing the belief to come true.

Question 9

interactionists

Answer 9

• teacher labels pupil
• teachers treat them according to label
• student internalises the label

Question 10

dunne and gazele

Answer 10

• school persistently produces a/c underachievment
• labelled w/c parents as uninterested
•normalised underachievement

Question 11

streaming

Answer 11

•separating children into different ability groups
• once streamed it’s difficult to move up
• leads to low self esteem

Question 12

douglas

Answer 12

children have better self esteem went streamed into high ability groups

Question 13

a to c economy

Answer 13

• discovered by gillborn and youdell
• teachers ration and allocate time due to money and time

Question 14

gillborn and youdell

Answer 14

•w/c black student placed in lower streams
• teachers focus on certain areas for profit

Question 15

educational triage

Answer 15

• to sift and sort students
• helps teachers ration their time
• focuses on high ability students due to marketisation and league tables

Question 16

pupil subculture

Answer 16

when people with a culture differentiates from a larger culture to which they belong

Question 17

why does pupil subculture occur

Answer 17

• response to labelling and streaming
• creates class differences
• go against rules

Question 18

lacey

Answer 18

• causes of subculture
1. differentiation - teachers categorises
2. polarisation - pupil responses to streaming

Question 19

the anti school subculture

Answer 19

• against learning due to being in lower set
•reject school rules : truancy, bad behaviour
• don’t value education

Question 20

hargreaves

Answer 20

• 11+ exam - those who failed placed in lower sets
• boys in low streams rebelled
• underachieved

Question 21

stephen ball - abolishing streaming

Answer 21

class inequalities still occurred even after abolishing streaming due to the teachers opinions . this reflected in the exam results

Question 22

education reform act 2001

Answer 22

gillborn and youdell
• created more opportunities to differentiate pupils on class gender and ethnicity

Question 23

woods

Answer 23

their was 4 subcultures as a response to labelling and streaming

Question 24

ingratiation

Answer 24

being the teachers pet

Question 25

ritualism

Answer 25

going through the notions of staying out of trouble

Question 26

retreatism

Answer 26

not paying attention in class

Question 27

rebellion

Answer 27

rejecting the school rules

Question 28

evaluation : streaming

Answer 28

•pupils in lower sets are stigmatised • some students struggle without streams due to mixed ability groups

Question 29

habits

Answer 29

dispositions or learned ways of thinking and acting shared by a particular social class

Question 30

examples of habitus

Answer 30

• preference of lifestyle • fashion styles • ‘ the like of us ‘

Question 31

habitus : working class

Answer 31

won’t go to university as they don’t think it is for them due to their ideas and choices

Question 32

symbolic violence : bordieu

Answer 32

to reproduce class structure and to keep the lower class in their place

Question 33

m/c and symbolic violence

Answer 33

working class tastes are deemed as worthless which lowers their self esteem

Question 34

archer

Answer 34

for the working class to be successful they need to: • change how they look • lose themselves

Question 35

evaluation: symbolic violence

Answer 35

watkins certain knowledge transcends certain classes and js not a sign of class domination

Question 36

archer: ‘ nike identities’

Answer 36

a way for w/c students to gain self worth through their peers • devalued by teachers - seen as rebellious •working class attire

Question 37

evaluation: nike identities

Answer 37

archer pupils performance styles are a struggle for recognition

Question 38

identity and universitity: sarah evans

Answer 38

• habitus is a barrier for university • w/c reluctant to apply • narrows oppurttunites as they are scared of not fitting on

Question 39

identity and universitity: sarah evans

Answer 39

• habitus is a barrier for university • w/c reluctant to apply • narrows oppurttunites as they are scared of not fitting on

Question 40

bordieu : university

Answer 40

• w/c don’t belive opportunity suits them • exclude themselves

Question 41

rists

Answer 41

• studied american kindergarten • teachers used background information and appearance to sort children • tigers, clowns and cardinals

Question 42

The ideal pupil

Answer 42

Gillborn & youdell - expectations of certain individuals • w/c - disruptive & unprepared • m/c - motivated

Question 43

The Ideal Pupil - Evaluation

Answer 43

Gillborn & youdell • only studies 2 schools •not representative

Question 44

examples of subcultures

Answer 44

• black female - fuller • African male - sewell