Education Key Concepts

Question 1

Meritocracy

Answer 1

The more you put into society, the more you get out

Question 2

Bridge home/wider society

Answer 2

Education acts as a bridge between home and wider society

Question 3

Role allocation

Answer 3

People with the best qualifications and skills get the best jobs

Question 4

Ladder of opportunity

Answer 4

Opportunity is a ladder that must be climbed however Marxists would argue the steps are bigger for some rather than others

Question 5

Social solidarity/ shared values

Answer 5

By having shared values social solidarity is achieved keeping us focused on similar goals

Question 6

Social control

Answer 6

Elements in society designed to keep people in check e.g. school or police

Question 7

Correspondence principle

Answer 7

Education mirrors the workplace in that rewards are given for completing tasks

Question 8

Myth of meritocracy

Answer 8

The illusion of meritocracy prevents you from realising inequality in society.

Question 9

Counter school culture

Answer 9

By believing you will amount to nothing in school you messaged around and thus amount to nothing

Question 10

Hidden curriculum

Answer 10

Schools teach us things unintentionally e.g. lack of women in textbooks outside of traditional roles

Question 11

Ideological state apparatus

Answer 11

An entity which transmits ruling class ideology

Question 12

Cultural capital

Answer 12

Class indicators some are worth more than others accents, knowledge of art, important jobs

Question 13

Gender role socialisation

Answer 13

Teaching children how to behave according to gender

Question 14

Gendered subject image

Answer 14

Subjects have a gendered image e.g. humanities for girls science for boys etc

Question 15

Gender domains

Answer 15

Boys feel more comfortable in certain areas than girls and vice versa

Question 16

Peer pressure

Answer 16

The pressure students put on one another

Question 17

Male gaze

Answer 17

Where males look girls up and down and make a judgement upon them

Question 18

Symbolic annihilation

Answer 18

Absence of individuals from a certain CAGER from a certain role

Question 19

Parentocracy

Answer 19

An education that conforms to parents wants and wishes

Question 20

Meeting the needs of consumers (industry)

Answer 20

Education needs to meet the needs of industry

Question 21

Accountability/competivity

Answer 21

Schools need to be accountable and competitive which is why league tables were introduced

Question 22

Labeling

Answer 22

Teachers make observations and internalise those things about pupils

Question 23

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 23

When a label is given to a student they will internalise that and then become it

Question 24

Ideal pupil

Answer 24

Pupil who is quiet, hands work in on time etc.

Question 25

Halo effect

Answer 25

The ideal pupil gets better treatment and does better

Question 26

Setting/streaming

Answer 26

Children are supposedly set by ability but it is more the teachers thinking how likely they are to cope with it

Question 27

No universal values/ cultural diversity

Answer 27

Pupils from lots of different backgrounds

Question 28

Pick and mix / bricolage

Answer 28

A society made up of many different parts so different types of school are needed

Question 29

Postfordism

Answer 29

Society needs highly skilled workers to operate complex technology

Question 30

Material deprivation

Answer 30

Students can't afford things so they fail to achieve e.g. meals

Question 31

Cultural deprivation

Answer 31

Children aren't able to access things of high cultural value e.g. theatre and fine art

Question 32

Language codes

Answer 32

Restricted and elaborated codes

Question 33

Restricted code

Answer 33

Language that doesn't fully explain and relies on a mutual understanding of previous interactions

Question 34

Elaborated code

Answer 34

Students who speak using all details and don't rely on previous interactions

Question 35

Attitudes

Answer 35

M/C prefer deferred gratification W/C prefer instant gratification

Question 36

Deffered gratification

Answer 36

When a reward comes after an extended period of time

Question 37

Instant gratification

Answer 37

When a reward comes instantly

Question 38

Gender quake

Answer 38

A change in women's behaviour more generally allowing them to achieve more

Question 39

Crisis of masculinity

Answer 39

A lack of the traditional masculine jobs so W/C boys feel they're doomed to fail

Question 40

Feminisation of education

Answer 40

Girls have more positive role models in education with most teachers being women.

Question 41

Self-negating prophecy

Answer 41

When a student rejects and fights against a label

Question 42

Ethnocentric curriculum

Answer 42

The British curriculum focuses on whiteness

Question 43

Institutionalised racism

Answer 43

Because of a lack of BAME leaders schools are institutionally racist

Question 44

Tiger parents

Answer 44

Parents who have the very highest expectations of their children and will punish them if they don't achieve