Edwin H Sutherland; Gresham Sykes & David Matza

Question 1

Gresham Sykes & David Matza

Answer 1

lets do this!

Question 2

Techniques of Neutralization was around 1957

(a few years after sub-culture) true? or False?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Cohen says “opposite” of conventional values

Answer 3

true

Question 4

Miller says “different” from conventional values

Answer 4

true

Question 5

Gresham Sykes & David Matza said, “same” value system as conventional system.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Techniques of Neutralization

deviance is excused

Answer 6

true

Question 7

Was Techniques of Neutralization a direct response to the sub-culture theorists, specifically Cohen?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

Was Techniques of Neutralization and Miller’s “different” subculture published at about the same time?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

Sykes & Matza say we are all criminals we all have save value system, but we find excuses or “neutralizers” for ourselves and those around us who committing deviant behavior

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Sykes & Matza’s theories are left wing (liberal) more progressive ideology.

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Does Durkheim and Sykes & Matza believe we are all criminals? We all engage in criminal behavior?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

In this theory its about an individual excuse not a societal excuse or neutralization.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

What are these techniques of neutralization?

Answer 13

Denial of responsibility.

Question 14

1) Is denial of responsibility say, “It was the “circumstance” that led to my deviant behavior, otherwise I wouldn’t have committed the deviant act.”

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

E.g. of this “Denial of Responsibility” is entrapment, looting, elderly who were “strained”

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

What is the difference between Park & G.S. & D.M. in the elderly committing crimes?

Answer 16

G.S & D.M needs the element of “circumstance,” and leaves out any social disorganization elements.

Question 17

2) Denial of Injury

Answer 17

lets do this!

Question 18

Yes, I did it! But no harm no foul.

Answer 18

No victim, so I didn’t really commit a crime.

Question 19

Is example of “denial of injury” joyriding, graffiti, smoking, and weed?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

3) Denial of Victim (yes I did it, but. . . )

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

Is an example of “denial of victim” in accusation of switched victim/suspect?

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

In this example, rapist/child molester in jail, shot during burglar, steal overpriced product, shot gang member 1st and looting.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

4) condemning from condemnor

Answer 23

lets do this

Question 24

In this instance, the condemnor is doing the same or worse act than me. (no denial of crime)

Answer 24

true

Question 25

In example, of this is an officer for texting or on cell phone while driving, but issues citation for same act.

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

Correction officer sells cell phone then disciplines the inmate for cell phone possession. Is an example of?

Answer 26

condemning from condemnor

Question 27

5) Appeal to higher loyalty

Answer 27

lets do this

Question 28

In this case, I did the deviant act because I am connected to an intimate group or person; loyalty.

Answer 28

true

Question 29

An example of this is karate kid that was molested, right?

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

It's more important to commit the deviant behavior than the punishment to follow.

Answer 30

true

Question 31

Sutherland and Cressy is about what theory

Answer 31

differential association

Question 32

Is "social disorganization" and Sutherland's "differential association" similar?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

Sutherland's theory is that deviant behavior is "learned."

Answer 33

true

Question 34

Sutherland's theory says, "time in our life," is related deviant tendency.

Answer 34

true

Question 35

When you hang out with deviants, than you are more likely to be a deviant.

Answer 35

true

Question 36

When you hang out with law-abiding citizens than you are less likely to be a deviant.

Answer 36

true

Question 37

Sutherland says, "its about who you hang with."

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Sutherland's example in regards to deviants is our social contact in different times of our life. From childhood to adulthood.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

Hence, the theory's name: "differential association."

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

Does Edwin H. Sutherland's theory coincide with Chicago's Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay?

Answer 40

NO: Sutherland: delinquency is an individual learned environmental issue. Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay: say it's a learned societal issue. Normal people in an abnormal society.

Question 41

Sutherland - delinquency is our personal association to other criminals

Answer 41

true

Question 42

Sutherland - 1) learned individual behavior

Answer 42

true

Question 43

e.g. learning is done through process of communication.

Answer 43

true

Question 44

2) learning occurs "primarily through personal intimate groups."

Answer 44

yes

Question 45

3) does learning of criminal behavior have two parts?

Answer 45

yes

Question 46

What is the first part?

Answer 46

techniques "hard skills"

Question 47

e.g.: what is cocaine, cut, weights etc

Answer 47

true

Question 48

What is the second part?

Answer 48

soft skills

Question 49

What are soft skills?

Answer 49

specific drives, motivation, fit in, truck, dress, culture.

Question 50

5) specific motives and influences result from definitions of legal code as favorable or unfavorable

Answer 50

true

Question 51

e.g. balance: surrounded by people who break the law vs don't break the law

Answer 51

is relative to me breaking OR not breaking the law.

Question 52

6) People who engage in delinquency because an excess of definitions favorable to breaking the law

Answer 52

true

Question 53

eg. social pressure by your affiliates to breaks the law

Answer 53

true

Question 54

7) differential associations may vary in frequency, duration, priority and intensity. (Lambroso)

Answer 54

yes

Question 55

Frequency- is relative to influence

Answer 55

true

Question 56

Duration- how much time is relative to influence

Answer 56

true

Question 57

Priority- best friend (high influence) VS friend (less influence)

Answer 57

true

Question 58

Intensity- active or passive pressure or influence. Observation of crime Vs verbal coercion to commit crime.

Answer 58

true

Question 59

8) Process of learning criminal behavior is the same process as any other hard & soft skills (legitimate or not). False or True

Answer 59

True

Question 60

Sutherland therefore claims no difference between career in crime or legitimate job.

Answer 60

true

Question 61

Sutherland's theory is in agreement with Richard Cloward and Lloyed Ohlin's theory.

Answer 61

true

Question 62

Sutherland's theory opposes Merton's theory.

Answer 62

true

Question 63

9) While criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values; its not explained by those general needs and values; since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the same needs and values. (see #65)

Answer 63

true

Question 64

Strain theory: societal desires is not individual fault; society's fault.

Answer 64

true

Question 65

Sutherland says no! to strain theory. Because the same impetus applies to legitimate careers. It is more of an individual choice.

Answer 65

true

Question 66

Why does Sutherland disagree with Merton?

Answer 66

motivation is the same for illegitimate and legitimate careers.

Question 67

TEST: scantron 50/50 skinny long

Answer 67

yes

Question 68

TEST: pencil (name, time)

Answer 68

yes

Question 69

Memorize the names of the theorist

Answer 69

true

Question 70

Social Disorder

Answer 70

Park; Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay

Question 71

Which readings go with which theory

Answer 71

true

Question 72

Learn theoretical frameworks (how many)

Answer 72

sub-culture; three characters

Question 73

Theory that thinks criminals and non-criminals are fundamentally different : Atavism

Answer 73

true

Question 74

Theory who thinks criminals and non-criminals are not fundamentally different:

Answer 74

Durkheim; Stykes and Matza

Question 75

Where they land on political continuum

Answer 75

atavism (right wing) social disorganization (right wing)

Question 76

Is left wing liberals?

Answer 76

yes

Question 77

Techniques of Neutralization is more left wing, liberal than sub-culture.

Answer 77

true.

Question 78

right wing is conservative or liberal

Answer 78

conservative

Question 79

Is there only two theories that are right wing ?

Answer 79

yes; atavism and social disorganization

Question 80

Does Sykes and Matza vehemently reject Walter Miller | and Albert Cohen's sub-culture theories?

Answer 80

``` yes, they say lower class is bullshit; we all commit crimes. we all have same values. ```

Question 81

Is atavism a reactionary (progressive theory)

Answer 81

no

Question 82

Techniques of Neutralization more progressive than Sub-cultural theories?

Answer 82

true

Question 83

Styles and Matza wrote Tech. of Neutralization as a direct response to sub-cultures.

Answer 83

true

Question 84

Durkheim wrote "normal and pathological" as a direct response to atavistic approach.

Answer 84

true

Question 85

Sutherland's nine

Answer 85

yes

Question 86

Learn Beccaria's different points about criminal justice

Answer 86

yes