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Global > Egypt > Flashcards

Egypt Flashcards

0
Q

today Egypt’s landscape is mostly ___

A

desert

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1
Q

Egypt was a ___ 12,000 years ago

A

swampland

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2
Q

geographical factor of Egypt

A

nile river

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3
Q

what did the nile river foster

A

one of the earliest and richest civilization

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4
Q

longest river in the world

A

the Nile

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5
Q

how long is the Nile

A

4,160

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6
Q

the Nile flows from ___ to ___

A

south

north

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7
Q

the Nile forms a large

A

delta

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8
Q

the Nile empties into

A

the Mediterranean Sea

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9
Q

the flow of the Nile allows people to move goods

A

upland (north)

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10
Q

the winds that blew N to S off of the med. sea allowed boats to

A

sail southward

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11
Q

the Nile linked all parts of

A

the Nile valley

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12
Q

the Nile valley is a pathway of ____/____ of goods and ideas
the Nile helped ancient Egyptians

A

travel/trading

unite into 1 kingdom

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13
Q

the flooding is caused by

A

heavy summer rains

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14
Q

the flood left

A

rich and fertile soil deposits

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15
Q

the dander shad to work around annual floods

  • ___ before the flood
  • large crop yields=_____
A

harvest crops

population growth

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16
Q

the climate is ___

___ to grow crops

A

sunny and frost free

easy

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17
Q

the Nile valley is surrounded by

A

desert and sea

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18
Q

the Nile valley provided natural protection against ___ and it built unique ___

A

invaders

culture

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19
Q

what broke the natural barriers

A

Isthmus of Suez

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20
Q

Isthmus of Suez is a land bridge between ___&___ and its a ___ with the Middle East

A

Africa Asia

route for trade

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21
Q

the people were ____ around 12,000BC

A

hunters-gatherers

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22
Q

by ___ BC important steps were taken toward civilization

A

3,000

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23
Q

around 3,000BC the Egyptians developed/created many things(3)

A

developed farming communities
created tools
developed a writing system

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24
Q

tools were made from ___ around 3,000BC

A

copper bronze

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25
Q

hieroglyphics have more than 600

A

signs and pictures

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26
Q

hieroglyphics represent

A

words and sounds

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27
Q

hieroglyphics are carved into ___ and later written on ___

A

stone

papyrus

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28
Q

plant found in the Nile marshes

A

papyrus

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29
Q

papyrus was cut into ___ and ___ together

A

slices

pressed

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30
Q

papyrus is written on with

A

ink

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31
Q

what translates hieroglyphics

A

Rosetta Stone

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32
Q

who and when discovered the Rosetta Stone

A

French soldiers in 1799

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33
Q

what are the 3 languages carved in the Rosetta Stone

A

Greek
hieroglyphics
demonic

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34
Q

the Rosetta Stone is a ___ account of Egyptian history

A

eyewitness

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35
Q

there are 2 distinct ___ that formed long the Nile

A

cultures

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36
Q

lower Egypt is

upper Egypt is

A

north

south

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37
Q

the kingdom of Egypt are united by ___

A

Menes

38
Q

menes was the king of ___ Egypt around ____BC

A

upper

3,200

39
Q

Menes forms a ___

A

dynasty

40
Q

what is a dynasty

A

right to rule that passes to children or relatives

41
Q

Egypt’s rulers were ___ & ____ leaders

A

political

religious

42
Q

Egypt rulers were referred to as gods and they were

A

worshipped

43
Q

pharaoh means

A

great house

44
Q

duties of a pharaoh (4)

A
  • hold absolute power
  • led government
  • head of armies
  • supreme judges
45
Q

when were the great spinx and pyramids built

A

old kingdom

46
Q

In the old kingdom society spilt into two

A

classes

47
Q

what are the two classes

A

lower

upper

48
Q

who was in the lower class

A

peasants, farmers
served in army
built pyramids

49
Q

who was in the upper class

A

pharaohs
royal family
priests
scribes

50
Q

the old kingdom was the first ___ period

A

intermediate

51
Q

golden age of Egypt

A

Middle Kingdom

52
Q

what thrived in the golden age of Egypt

A

stability and prosperity

53
Q

what are the foreigners in Egypt

A

Hyksos

54
Q

Hyksos are nomads from __ and invaded ___ destroying cities

A

Asia

Egypt

55
Q

the second intermediate period

A

Middle Kingdom

56
Q

in the new kingdom the pharaohs regain

A

power

57
Q

there was a strong ___ and ___ in the new kingdom

A

government

army

58
Q

the first female pharaoh

A

Hatshepsut

59
Q

when was there a female pharaoh

A

new kingdom

60
Q

what pharaoh tried to introduce monotheism

A

Amenhotep

61
Q

what is monotheism

A

belief in one God

62
Q

who was the one God he tried introduce

A

aton

sun of God

63
Q

was the idea of monotheism successful

A

no

64
Q

who was the last strong pharaoh

A

Ramses II

65
Q

who invaded Egypt

A

foreign empires

Assyrians and Persians

66
Q

most famous/biggest pyramid

A

great pyramid of Giza

67
Q

what were the pyramids for

A

tombs for pharaohs

68
Q

how did engineers build the pyramids

A

Ramps
levers
1000s of workers

69
Q

Egyptians had great knowledge of the

A

human body

70
Q

the knowledge of the human body came from

A

preserving bodies after death

71
Q

what did the Egyptians treat illnesses with

A

Magic spells, herbs, and medicines

72
Q

polytheistic means

A

believed in many gods

73
Q

what are the two main gods

A

Amon(Ra) - creator (sun)

Osiris - judged dead (Nile)

74
Q

Egyptians believed in the

A

afterlife

75
Q

it was pharaohs vs. ___

A

everyone

76
Q

Egyptians believed that if their hearts weighed the same as the ___, they are pure

A

sacred feather

77
Q

how did Egyptians preserve bodies

A

mummification

78
Q

they kept tools, weapons, and food to use in the

A

afterlife

79
Q

education is connected to

A

religion

80
Q

scribes and clerks read and write for the

A

government

81
Q

the social classes were

A

rigid

82
Q

___ vs. ___ class

A

lower

upper

83
Q

women had

A

equality

84
Q

women were equal in ___ affairs

A

business

85
Q

women can own

A

property

86
Q

property can be passed down to

A

daughters

87
Q

what are estates

A

where peasants worked with hoes and plows

88
Q

what was grown at estates

A

wheat flax cotton

89
Q

crops went to the ___ in exchange for ___&___ at estates

A

pharaoh
rent
taxes

90
Q

trade is controlled by

A

the government

91
Q

____/____ had a surplus and were traded

A

food

cloth

92
Q

in land trade: ____ to Asia and Africa

in sea trade: ____ and ___ sea

A

caravans
Mediterranean
red

Global (14 decks)

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