Normal Sinus Rhythm 1. Rate? 2. Rhythm? 3. Is there a P wave before each QRS?

1. Normal HR 60-100 bpm 2. Rhythm is regular 3. YES

Atrial Flutter 1. Rate? 2. Rhythm? 3. Is there a P wave before each QRS?

1. Atrial: 250-400 bpm (twice as fast as ventricles) Ventricular: variable 2. Atrial: regular VENTRICULAR: IRREGULAR 3. Normal P waves are ABSENT

These NCLEX Pxs have Atrial Flutter 1. _____ disorder 2. ______pathy 3. _____ of the heart muscle 4. _ _ _ _ 5. Isch___ 6. Emph____

1. Valve 2. Cardiomyopathy 3. Thickening 4. COPD 5. Ischemia 6. Emphysemia

EKG/ECG Flashcards by Jen R

ECG/EKG

Electrical Activity starts in the _______node located in the _____Atrium.

Sinus Node

Right Atrium

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ECG/EKG

This means movement of ions across the cell membrane.

DEpolarization

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ECG/EKG

Ions move through channels. The 3 channels/electrolytes are:

Na
K
Ca

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ECG/EKG

Movement of ions across cell membrane causes:

Contraction/ Heart beats

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ECG/EKG

REpolarization means

REturning to previous REsting state

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ECG/EKG

During REpolarization the cardiac muscles are ___

RElaxed

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Parts of ECG/EKG
What is happening?
Atrial depolarization & contraction

P wave

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Parts of ECG/EKG
What is happening?
Atrial REpolarization & RElaxation &simultaneous
Ventricular depolarization & contraction

QRS

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Parts of ECG/EKG
What is happening?
Ventricular REpolarization & RElaxation

T Wave

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Parts of ECG/EKG
What is happening?
Final state of REpolarization of the Ventricles

U Wave

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ECG/EKG only shows you _____ activity,

Electrical activity of the heart

NOT MUSCULAR ACTIVITY!

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

electrical impulses generated from the ___ node

Sinus

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

Rate?
Rhythm?
Is there a P wave before each QRS?

Normal HR 60-100 bpm
Rhythm is regular
YES

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

Are the P waves upright & similar?
What is the length of the PR interval?

5. ) 0.12 - 0.20 MEMORIZE!!

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

6. What is the length of the QRS complex?

6.) 0.06 - 0.12 MEMORIZE!!

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

Treatment

NO TREATMENT & NO MEDS

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Atrial Flutter

What is the huge issue here?

BLOOD CLOTS
Heart is quivering = blood is not moving & tends to clot
Heart is not beating fully

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Atrial Flutter

Abnormal activity in the ____ leading to abnormal ____cardia.

atriums

abnormal TACHYcardia

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Atrial Flutter

Rate?
Rhythm?
Is there a P wave before each QRS?

Atrial: 250-400 bpm (twice as fast as ventricles)
Ventricular: variable
Atrial: regular
VENTRICULAR: IRREGULAR
Normal P waves are ABSENT

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Atrial Flutter

Are the P waves upright & similar?
What is the length of the PR interval?

saw tooth pattern

5. unable to measure

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Atrial Flutter

6. What is the length of the QRS complexes?

6.) 0.06 - 0.12

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These NCLEX Pxs have Atrial Flutter

_____ disorder
______pathy
_____ of the heart muscle
Isch___
Emph____

Valve
Cardiomyopathy
Thickening
COPD
Ischemia
Emphysemia

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Nursing interventions for Atrial Flutter

Treatment of choice:

CARDIOVERSION

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Nursing interventions for Atrial Flutter
Slow the ventricular rate by using:
\_\_\_\_\_zem
\_\_\_\_\_amil
\_\_\_\_\_lis
\_\_\_\_\_blockers

Study These Flashcards

diltiazem
verapamil
digitalis
beta

Nursing interventions for Atrial Flutter | _____ to reduce incidence of thrombus formation.

HEPARIN

Ventricular Tachycardia | abnormal electrical activity in the _____

ventricles

Ventricular Tachycardia | looks like wide ______.

QRS complexes

Ventricular Tachycardia 1. Rate? 2. Rhythm? 3. Is there a P wave before each QRS?

1. Atrial: Q- unable to determine Ventricular: 100-200bpm 2. Regular 3. Absent

Ventricular Tachycardia 4. Are the P waves upright & similar? 5. What is the length of the PR interval?

4. Absent | 5. not measurable

Ventricular Tachycardia | 6. What is the length of the QRS complexes?

6. Wide greater than 0.12 sec

Stable V Tach= _____symptoms

NO symptoms

Unstable V Tach = ____symptoms

With symptoms

``` These pxs have V Tach: _____users _____trauma _____takers _____heart hx _____kalemia ```

``` Cocaine users Chest trauma DIGOXIN Enlarged Hypokalemia ```

Treatment for V Tach

DEFIBRILLATION

NEVER pick ____as a treatment for V Tach because it stimulates the ventricles.

NEVER EPINEPHRINE

Synchronized shock to the PEAK of the QRS Complex

C A R D I O V E R S I O N

NON SYNCHRONIZED shock at ANY PHASE of the cardiac cycle

D E F I B R I L L A T I O N

No electrical activity

Asystole

Treatment for Asystole

1st: Epinephrine 2nd: Atropine CPR

Asystole | What is the pulse & BP of the patient?

ZERO 0

Asystole If the monitor says asystole but the patient is clearly alive then check for?

ELECTRODE PLACEMENT

Electrical activity NOT coming from the heart

ARTIFACT

Artifact | DO NOT PUT electrodes over ____.

hairy areas & bony prominences

``` Artifact possible causes are: loose ____ muscle_____ client _____ ```

loose electrodes muscle tremors client movements

Artifact | Treatment

identify the cause & correct placements

NCLEX Advanced Topics: First Degree Heart Block (can happen in a normal px) The difference bet. NSR : The PR Interval is ____ than normal.

longer/increased | **HR is slower, heart is so efficient

NCLEX Advanced Topics: First Degree Heart Block Is this an emergency?

NO!

NCLEX Advanced Topics: First Degree Heart Block What is the treatment?

MONITOR THE PX

NCLEX Advanced Topics: First Degree Heart Block What (2) meds can CAUSE FDHB?

1. Beta Blockers | 2. DIGOXIN (slow HR down)

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block Other name

Mobitz Type 1 or Wenckebach

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 1 or Wenckebach) The PR interval is ___,____ & then the QRS complexes ____.

long, longer | drops

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 1 or Wenckebach) Is this an emergency?

YES, mild emergency

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 1 or Wenckebach) What is the treatment?

Transcutaneous pacing | -electrodes are put on the skin

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 1 or Wenckebach) We have a P wave that does not have QRS Complex

non conducted P wave

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 2) The PR interval is ____ _____ & the QRS complex drops.

same length

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Second Degree Heart Block (Mobitz Type 2) Is this an emergency? What is the treatment?

YEEEEEEEEEEESSSSS! Transcutaneous pacing -electrodes are put on the skin

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Third Degree Heart Block Is this an emergency?

MEDICAL EMERGENCY! WORST CASE! | *no tissue perfusion, px could die

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Third Degree Heart Block The ___ & _____ are beating ___ from each other.

atrium & ventricles | separately

NCLEX Advanced Topics: Third Degree Heart Block What is the treatment?

INTERNAL PACEMAKER

EKG/ECG Flashcards

(59 cards)