EL3 Electrons, Where Would We Be Without Them?

Question 1

What number is each shell given?

Answer 1

A quantum number, n=1, 2 ,3, 4.

Question 2

What are the limits of electrons in each shell?

Answer 2

2, 8, 18, 32.

Question 3

What are many of the properties and chemistries of atoms decided by?

Answer 3

The outer shell electrons.

Question 4

What does the emission spectra of the elements indicate?

Answer 4

Shells are split into sub-shells.

Question 5

What are the four sub-shells?

Answer 5

S, p, d, and f.

Question 6

What are the max number of electrons for each sub-shell?

Answer 6

2, 6, 10, 14.

Question 7

When do the energies of sub-shells fall?

Answer 7

As the nuclear charge increases between elements.

Question 8

Which sub-shells overlap?

Answer 8

3 and 4.

Question 9

What is an orbital?

Answer 9

A particular region of space around the nucleus where an electron can be found.

Question 10

What are the max number of orbitals in each sub-shell?

Answer 10

1, 3, 5, 7.

Question 11

What are sub-shells split further into?

Answer 11

Orbitals.

Question 12

How many electrons can each orbital accommodate for?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

When can electrons only occupy the same orbital?

Answer 13

If they have opposite, or paired, spins.

Question 14

What does every electron spin at?

Answer 14

The same rate.

Question 15

What is always the first electron spin direction in an orbital?

Answer 15

Clockwise.

Question 16

Which way is a clockwise electron spin arrow pointing?

Answer 16

Up |^

Question 17

What ways can the 2 electrons spin in an orbital?

Answer 17

Clockwise and anticlockwise.

Question 18

What does the box and arrows represent in orbital diagrams?

Answer 18

The box is the orbital and the arrows are electrons.

Question 19

What four pieces of information are needed when describing an electron?

Answer 19

The shell it’s in, the sub-shell it’s in, it’s orbital within the sub-shell, and its spin.

Question 20

What is the electronic configuration?

Answer 20

The arrangement of electrons in shells and orbitals.

Question 21

How are orbitals filled?

Answer 21

In order of increasing energy to produce the lowest energy arrangement possible.

Question 22

What orbitals are filled first and why?

Answer 22

Empty orbitals with the same energy, to keep electrons as far away as possible before pairing up in orbitals.

Question 23

What do electrons in singly occupied orbitals have and why?

Answer 23

Parallel spins, for the lowest energy arrangement.

Question 24

What does each symbol mean in an electron configuration? eg 1s^2

Answer 24

The large number in front shows the principal quantum number, the letters show the sub-shells, and the small numbers show the number of electrons in each sub-shell.