Elbow and Shoulder Flashcards
What are some common elbow injuries?
- Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis).
- Golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis).
- Hyperextension.
- Medial collateral ligament sprain.
- Lateral collateral ligament sprain.
What is the purpose of a tennis/golfer’s elbow taping technique?
To create a new fulcrum point for muscle action allowing the site of pain to rest.
What are the components to a tennis/golfer’s elbow taping technique?
- Place a pad over the relaxed muscle belly distal to the point of pain (extensors for tennis elbow, flexors for golfer’s elbow).
- Elastic tape applied with high tension over the pad and tension decreasing on the other side.
What are the components of an elbow hyperextension taping technique?
- One anchor distal to the forearm muscle bellies and the other proximal to the midpoint of the biceps muscle belly.
- Elbow bent to about 20 degrees before painful range.
- Technique must be closed with elastic tape of a tensor.
- A ‘fan’ is placed anteriorly over the centre of the elbow joint.
What are the components of an elbow collateral ligament sprain taping technique?
- One anchor distal to the forearm muscle bellies and the other proximal to the midpoint of the biceps muscle belly.
- Elbow bent to about 20 degrees before painful range.
- Technique must be closed with elastic tape of a tensor.
- A ‘fan’ placed medial/posterior (medial collateral) or lateral/posterior (lateral collateral) aspect of the elbow.
What are some acute injuries that can occur to the shoulder complex?
- Glenohumeral dislocation/subluxation.
- Acromioclavicular separation.
- Fractures of the clavicle and humerus.
- Sternoclavicular sprains.
What are some acute supports for a glenohumeral dislocation?
- Sling and swath.
- Shoulder spica.
- Sulley brace.
What is the purpose of a shoulder spica technique?
Used for anterior/inferior glenohumeral instability to prevent abduction and external rotation.
What are the components of a shoulder spica technique?
- Arm positioned in medial rotation.
- Use two regular length or one double length tensor.
- Limit tension around body and arm while increasing tension when passing over the acromioclavicular joint area (posterior to anterior).
What ligaments support the acroimoclavicular joint?
- Acromioclavicular ligament.
- Coracoacromial ligament.
- Coracoclavicular ligament.
What are the mechanisms of injury for acromioclavicular sprains?
- Direct fall on ‘point’ of shoulder with arm in adducted position.
- FOOSH.
- Direct impact that forces the acromion process inferiorly.
- Repetitive compression of the joint.
What does the management of a acromioclavicular sprain depend on?
- Type/degree of injury.
- Age/degenerative changes.
- Demand on the person’s activities.
- Stage of injury.
What are some different support techniques for a acromioclavicular sprain?
- Cuff and collar.
- Acromioclavicular brace/sling.
- McConnell taping.
- Acromioclavicular joint taping.
- Pad with modified shoulder spica.
What are the components of a McConnell should taping technique?
- One anchor just distal to the deltoid tubercle and the other superior shoulder over from the distal upper trapezius area posteriorly to the clavicle anteriorly.
- Have the athlete elevate their scapula the join anchors with hypafix to completely cover the area.
- Repeat strips from distal anchor to proximal.
- Cover with another layer of hypafix.
What is the purpose of the figure 8 wrap?
- Use to treat sternoclavicular joint sprains and stable clavicular fractures.
- Provide mild to moderate support.
- Provide immobilization and retraction of the scapula.
