Electoral sustems- Proportional systems Flashcards
What are the proportional systems?
STV
List
How does STV work?
1) Rank partys in order of preferenace and as many as they please
2) each party puts multiple number of candidates but not always same number of seats
3) Instead of getting a majority the party/candidate needs a quota and the number of votes achieveable by some number of candidates by seats
4) If someone reaches a surplus teh oversell winning candidates surplus votes will be redistributed
5) Through Random and fractional
Summary of stv?
To win a seat a candidate must win a quota of surplus votes above are redistributed of if seats are still available
Bottom place candidates eliminated and next preference votes are redistributed, it seats are available, bottom place candidates are eliminated and next preference votes redistributed tik the seats are full
How to work out quota in STV?
[Valid votes. ]. +1
———————-
[ no of seats +1]
What is the random method in STV?
A surplus
look at all ballot papers for winning candidate tyen place into plies of 2nd preference
Sort out percentages then do random methods to decide what ballot papers a
Fractional method?
All ballot papers sent on for 2nd preference but only worth 0.1% of vote
Candidate A surplus
——————————-
Candidate A total votes
Where is STV used?
N. ireland
Scotland
Advantages of STV?
-Proportional
-Less wasted votes
-Greater choice in candidates due to ranking
-Fairer to 3rd and minority partys
Disadvantage of STV?
-Proportionallity depends on constituency
-Slow
-Expensive and complicated
-Leads to alphabetical buying
Intro party complicated
-Result’s can be manotonic
Where is the list system used?
British elections in ur party
Brasil, finland, israel’s and netherlands
what is the closed list system?
Ballot paper lists candidates in hopes it will win
2) Instewd or what candidate they hope will win they cross which party they want (choose partys rather then candidates)
3) Uses the dhonts method which ever party has the hugest bite wins a s at and the seats were to the total and process reporter to allocate seats
What’s does the closed list system do?
Determine what candidates go to parliment is up to the seats if party won 2 seats
Candidates A and above would to parliment
Advantages of party list?
-Proportional
-Easy to understand and they choose one party
-Large constitutent size reduced tactical voting
-Fairer to 3rd parties
-Parties become more diverse
Disadvantages of closed list?
-Too much power in hands of party leaders
-Hugh thread hood is set great impact on proportional result
- Increased constitutent size to this event erase local MP constituency link
-No say on when participant and election
-Proportinal
-Convary considered by and some bites wasted if constituency’s are small
What’s the dohnts formula?
Party list votes
—————————-
Number of seats won *
+1
