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Science > Electrical Principles and Technologies > Flashcards

Electrical Principles and Technologies Flashcards

1
Q

Static Electricity

A

A stationary electrical charge

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2
Q

Proton

A

Positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom

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3
Q

Neutral

A

Description of an object that has equal amounts of positive and negative charges

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4
Q

Charge Separation

A

Concentration of like charges in specific areas of a neutral object, caused by the approach of a charged object (Charged balloon against wall)

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5
Q

Electrical Discharge

A

Sudden transfer of electrical charge from one object to another, indicated by a spark

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6
Q

Electrical Current

A

Steady flow of charged particles

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7
Q

Circuit

A

Complete path that charged particles flow through

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8
Q

Amperes

A

Unit of electrical current

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9
Q

Load

A

Device in a circuit that converts electrical energy to a different kind of energy

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10
Q

Voltage

A

Measurement of how much electrical energy a charged particle carries

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11
Q

Potential Difference

A

Change in potential energy of electrical charge compared to its potential energy at a reference point

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12
Q

Volt

A

Unit of measuring voltage

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13
Q

Voltmeter

A

Device to measure potential difference in volts

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14
Q

Short Circuit

A

A circuit that has been broken

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15
Q

Insulators

A

something that electrons cannot pass through

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16
Q

Fuses

A

Thin piece of metal that melts to break circuit when excess electrical flow occurs

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17
Q

Circuit Breaker

A

Same as a fuse but a special wire heats up instead of thin piece of metal

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18
Q

Dry Cells

A

Electrolytes in the form of a paste

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19
Q

Electrolyte

A

LIquid or paste that conducts electricity because it contains ions

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20
Q

Electrodes

A

Conductor through which an electrical current enters of leaves a device or material

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21
Q

Wet Cells

A

Electrolytes in the form of a liquid - usually acid

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22
Q

Primary Cells

A

Cell that produces electricity by means of a chemical reaction that can’t be reversed

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23
Q

Rechargeable Cells/Secondary Cells

A

Cell that produces electricity through a chemical reaction that can be reversed

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24
Q

Battery

A

Set of cells connected together

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25
Q

Electrolysis

A

Using electricity to split molecules into their original elements

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26
Q

Electrochemistry

A

The study of chemical reactions involving chemistry

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27
Q

Electroplating

A

Uses electricity to coat a metal with another different metal

28
Q

Superconductors

A

A material with virtually no resistance to electrical flow

29
Q

Resistor

A

Device used to slow down/resist the flow of electrical current

30
Q

Rsistance

A

Measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through circuits

31
Q

ohms

A

Unit of measurement for resistance

32
Q

Variable resistor/Rheostat

A

Resistor whose resistance can be changed

33
Q

MIllivoltmeter

A

Instrument used to measure small voltages

34
Q

ohms law

A

Law stating that as long as the temperature stays constant, the resistor of a conductor stays constant, the current matches the voltage

35
Q

Voltage Drop

A

Voltage across a resistor or other device in circuit

36
Q

Ammeters

A

meter used to measure electrical current in Amperes

37
Q

Galvanometers

A

Device used for detecting and measuring small electrical currents

38
Q

Multimeters

A

Meter that can measure voltage, current, resistance or current in a circuit

39
Q

Schematic diagram

A

Diagram using standardized symbols to show the connections and components in a circuit

40
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

Circuit in which the current can flow in 2 or more paths

41
Q

Transistor

A

Device with usually 3 layers with a tiny voltage in the middle that controls the current between the outer layers

42
Q

Microcircuit/integrated circuit

A

Circuit made up of miniaturized components

43
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Energy stored in chemical that is released when chemicals react

44
Q

Thermocouple

A

Device consisting of two wires of different metals joined, hot

45
Q

Electromagnet

A

Coil of insulated wire that becomes a magnet when current flows through it

46
Q

Commutator

A

Split ring breaking the flow of electricity, reversing connection of a coil

47
Q

Brushes

A

Makes electrical contact with commutor

48
Q

Armature

A

Rotating shaft in motor

49
Q

Direct current (dc)

A

Current flows in one direction

50
Q

Alternating Current (ac)

A

Current flows back and forth 60 times per second

51
Q

Transformer

A

Changes the amount of voltage

52
Q

Electromagnetic Induction

A

Generation of electric current in a conductor by changing magnetic field

53
Q

Power

A

The rate at which a device converts energy

54
Q

Watt

A

Unit of power equal to 1J/second

55
Q

Kilowatt hour

A

Used to record energy consumption in your home

56
Q

Efficiency

A

Ratio of the useful energy that comes out of a device to the total energy given

57
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

-energy cannot be created or destroyed
-Energy can only be transformed from one form to another

58
Q

Turbine

A

Alternative energy source using wind

59
Q

Nuclear Fission

A

Using heat to generate electricity but its radioactive

60
Q

Fossil Fuels

A

Use of things like coal being turned into energy

61
Q

Geothermal Energy

A

Using earths heat to generate electricity

62
Q

Biomass

A

Using heat to produce electricity while also producing greenhouse gases

63
Q

Cogeneration

A

Use of waste energy from process as another purpose

64
Q

Fuel Cells

A

Turning chemical energy into electric

65
Q

Non-renewable resource

A

Resource that cannot be reused/regrown

66
Q

Fly Ash

A

Fine, airborne ash produced by burning coal or other solid fuels

67
Q

Electrochemical Shells

A

Package of chemicals designed to produce small amounts of electricity

Science (8 decks)

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