Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

Nitrogen Fixation

Answer 1

Changing free nitrogen so the nitrogen can form other elements

Question 2

Pollution

Answer 2

Any change in the environment that is harmful to the living things in it

Question 3

Fertilizer

Answer 3

Substance that enriches soil so plants can grow better

Question 4

Septic Tank

Answer 4

Underground containeer where bacteria break down organic materials in sewage

Question 5

Sewage Treatment PLant

Answer 5

Buildings containing special equitment to treat home wastes

Question 6

Effluent

Answer 6

Wastewater released from factory or sewage plant

Question 7

Storm Sewars

Answer 7

Large pipes that carry runoff from streets and yards

Question 8

Fossil Fuels

Answer 8

fuel formed from dead plants and animals

Question 9

Sour Gas

Answer 9

Natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide

Question 10

Acid

Answer 10

Content that dissolves in water with a PH<7

Question 11

pH

Answer 11

Measure of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 12

Base

Answer 12

Compound that dissolves water with a pH>7

Question 13

Neutral

Answer 13

neutral substance, neither acid or base pH=7

Question 14

Neutralization

Answer 14

reaction between an acid and a base to make a salt

Question 15

Salt

Answer 15

compound produced by neutralization

Question 16

organic compounds

Answer 16

compounds that contain carbon, anything with sugar

Question 17

inorganic compounds

Answer 17

compounds that don’t contain carbon or hydrogen

Question 18

inorganic compounds

Answer 18

compounds that don’t contain carbon or hydrogen

Question 19

nutrients

Answer 19

element and compound that organisms need for living growing and reproducing

Question 20

carbohydrates

Answer 20

organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 21

lipids

Answer 21

organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, insoluble in water

Question 22

porteins

Answer 22

organic compounds made up of amino acids

Question 23

amino acids

Answer 23

building blocks of protein

Question 24

nucleic acids

Answer 24

largest and most complicated molecules found in all the cells of living things

Question 25

diffusion

Answer 25

process when molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration

Question 26

osmosis

Answer 26

water molecules moving across a membrane of more molecules to less

Question 27

active transport

Answer 27

process in which plant molecules move nutrients from lower concentration to higher

Question 28

hydrolysis

Answer 28

reaction of a substance with water

Question 29

hydrolyzed

Answer 29

break down by water

Question 30

substrate

Answer 30

surface on which an organism lives or moves

Question 31

invertebrates

Answer 31

animals without backbones

Question 32

Parts per million (ppm)

Answer 32

measurement used to describe very small concentrations of of chemicals

Question 33

spring acid shock

Answer 33

concentration of acid that can dramatically lower the pH of water in a pond, lake,slough, etc

Question 34

LD50

Answer 34

lethal does 50, amount of a substance that causes 50% of a test group to die

Question 35

heavy metals

Answer 35

metals that have a density of 5 or higher

Question 36

sulfur dioxide

Answer 36

forms when sugar combines with oxygen in the air

Question 37

nitrogen oxides

Answer 37

when nitrogen combines with oxygen from fuel combustion, major air pollutant

Question 38

carbon monoxide

Answer 38

colourless, odourless gas; produced by incomplete combustion of chemicals containing carbon

Question 39

ground level ozone

Answer 39

colourless, odourless gas at ground level (O3)

Question 40

greenhouse gases

Answer 40

gases in earths atmosphere that traps the sun's heat

Question 41

enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 41

greenhouse gas effect made greater by human activities

Question 42

global warming

Answer 42

increased average temperature worldwide caused by enhance greenhouse effect

Question 43

water table

Answer 43

top of the groundwater zone

Question 44

groundwater

Answer 44

water that fills interconnected spaces in soil

Question 45

pores

Answer 45

tiny spaces between soil grains or mineral grains in rocks

Question 46

permeable

Answer 46

description of a substance that contains connected pores, fluids can flow through a permeable substance

Question 47

leachate

Answer 47

liquid that dissolves and carries substance as it passes through soil

Question 48

dilution

Answer 48

mixing of a substance with air or water, reducing the substance's concentration

Question 49

biodegradation

Answer 49

breakdown of materials by earthworms, bacteria,fungi,etc

Question 50

aerobic

Answer 50

refers to processes or environment that needs or contains air

Question 51

anerobic

Answer 51

refers to process or environment that do not need or contain air

Question 52

biomagnification

Answer 52

increase of concentration in element as it moves up the food chain