Electricity Flashcards
(13 cards)
Insulator
doesn’t allow electrons to move easily, charges don’t flow (e.x. rubber, glass, wood)
Conductor
allows electrons to move easily (e.x. gold, copper)
Induction
- Charging without contact
- Bring a charged object close to a neutral object
- Cause an induced charge separation
Static Electricity
An imbalance in electrical charge in the surface of an insulator
(e.x. balloon & hair)
Law of Electric Charges
Like repel, opposite attract
Induced Charge Separation
- A shift in the position of electrons in a neutral object that occurs when a charged object is brought near it
- The electrons move towards one side of the object
- That side has negative charge
- And the protons stay on the other side
- That side has positive charge
Charging by Friction
- The transfer of electrons between two different neutral materials that occurs when they are rubbed together
- Two different neutral objects rub each other
- One object becomes positively charged
- And the other negatively charged
- Depends on position in the electrostatic series
Circuit Electricity
Current electricity is the continuous flow of electrons
in a circuit.
What should electric circuits include?
An electric circuit must include:
An energy source
A conducting wire
A load which is a device that converts electrical
energy to another form of energy; ex. Light bulb
Many electric circuits also include a switch that
turns the circuit on or off by closing or opening
the circuit.
What is electric currect and how are they measured? With what?
Electric Current is the measure of the rate
of electron flow past a given point in a
circuit; measured in amperes (A).
Current in a circuit is measured using an ammeter.
what are the two terminals on a meter that you use to
connect to a circuit?
The negative (–) terminal is often black,
The positive (+) terminal is often red.
Potential Difference
Potential energy is the energy stored in an
object. Each electron has electric potential energy.
