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Semester 3 PM Exam 5 > Electrotherapy 2 > Flashcards

Electrotherapy 2 Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

Safety - you need to do what beforehand

A

Sensory testing
Cognitive testing
Proper electrical grounding
Inspect and maintain equipment

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2
Q

Pain modulation protocols

A

Sensory level
Motor level
Noxious level

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3
Q

Muscle re-education/strengthening protocols

A 
Muscle re-ed
Muscle strengthening
Functional Estim
Muscle spasm reduction
Biofeedback
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4
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - current type

A

Alternating current

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5
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - target tissue

A

A Beta Fiber

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6
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - polarity

A

balanced

we do not want any polarity

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7
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - frequency

A

higher frequency = more comfort

80-150 Hz

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8
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - pulse duration

A

take the machine as low as possible

20-50 usec

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9
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - on/off time

A

continuous

we want to counter irritation

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10
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - intensity

A

pleasant tingling but no muscle contraction

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11
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - electrode placement

A

surround the dragon
bipolar or quadripolar
can use dermatome or acupressure points

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12
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - treatment duration

A

20-30 min

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13
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - effect theory

A

gate control theory

A beta to stimulate non painful input and compete with the painful signals

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14
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - length of effect

A

no residual effect

when machine is turned off, their pain will return

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15
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - use it when

A

Maybe to relieve pain while doing something else (ROM, adhesive capsulitis)
Maybe after session too, to reduce pain
Can also send patient home with it

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16
Q

Sensory level pain modulation - AKA

A

TENS

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17
Q

Motor level pain modulation - AKA

A

low frequency TENS

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18
Q

Motor level pain modulation - current type

A

Alternating

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19
Q

Motor level pain modulation - target tissue

A

alpha motor neuron

goal is muscle twitch

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20
Q

Motor level pain modulation - polarity

A

none

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21
Q

Motor level pain modulation - frequency

A

2-10 Hz

We just want a muscle twitch, not tetany

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22
Q

Motor level pain modulation - pulse duration

A

150 usec for small mm

300-400 usec for others

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23
Q

Motor level pain modulation - on/off time

A

continuous

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24
Q

Motor level pain modulation - intensity

A

tingling and then keep turning up until feel muscle twitch

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25
Motor level pain modulation - electrode placement
bipolar or quadripolar at muscle belly motor points
26
Motor level pain modulation - treatment duration
30 - 45 min
27
Motor level pain modulation - effect theory
endogenous opioid | inc amount of circulating opioids
28
Motor level pain modulation - length of effect
several hours
29
Noxious TENS - current type
direct
30
Noxious TENS - target tissue
C fiber
31
Noxious TENS - polarity
present due to direct current | we aren't using it though
32
Noxious TENS - pulse duration
1 msec to 1 sec
33
Noxious TENS - on/off time
none | you are treating one spot and moving on to another essentially
34
Noxious TENS - intensity
max tolerated, noxious
35
Noxious TENS - electrode placement
trigger points painful points often using an activator (or wand, probe) or point stimulator
36
Noxious TENS - treatment duration
vary depending on number of points treated
37
Noxious TENS - effect theory
endogenous opioids
38
Noxious TENS - length of effect
several hours
39
Interferential current (IFC) - current type
interferential current | need medium frequency generator machine
40
Interferential current (IFC) - target tissue
A beta
41
Interferential current (IFC) - polarity
none
42
Interferential current (IFC) - on/off time
continuous
43
Interferential current (IFC) - intensity
Max tolerated, pleasant tingling without a muscle twitch
44
Interferential current (IFC) - electrode placement
quadripolar is more often used with channels crossing
45
Interferential current (IFC) - treatment duration
20-30 minutes
46
Interferential current (IFC) - effect theory
gate control theory
47
Interferential current (IFC) - length of effect
no residual effect
48
Muscle re-education - current type
alternating
49
Muscle re-education - target tissue
alpha motor neuron
50
Muscle re-education - polarity
none
51
Muscle re-education - frequency
35-80 Hz
52
Muscle re-education - pulse duration
150 usec for small mm | 300 - 400 usec for other
53
Muscle re-education - on/off time
1:3 ratio
54
Muscle re-education - intensity
sustained contraction
55
Muscle re-education - electrode placement
bipolar quadripolar parallel to muscle fiber
56
Muscle re-education - treatment duration
varies - until patient can volitionally contract the mm or the mm fatigues
57
Muscle re-education - what do we want
isometric contraction | best to position muscle in mid range (or position of function) and stabilze distal extremity
58
Muscle re-education - length of effect
NA
59
Muscle re-education - what do we want
isometric contraction | best to position muscle in mid range (or position of function) and stabilze distal extremity
60
Muscle strengthening - current type
alternating
61
Muscle strengthening - target tissue
alpha motor neuron
62
Muscle strengthening - polarity
none
63
Muscle strengthening - frequency
35-80 Hz
64
Muscle strengthening - pulse duration
150 usec small mm | 300-400 for other
65
Muscle strengthening - on/off time
1:5 ratio
66
Muscle strengthening - intensity
maximum isometric contraction
67
Muscle strengthening - electrode placement
bipolar quadripolar parallel to the muscle bellies
68
Muscle strengthening - treatment duration
goal of 10-12 repititions
69
Muscle strengthening - what do we want
isometric contraction | best to position muscle in mid range (or position of function) and stabilze distal extremity
70
Functional Estim - current type
alternating
71
Functional Estim - target tissue
alpha motor neurons
72
Functional Estim - polarity
none
73
Functional Estim - frequency
35-80 Hz
74
Functional Estim - pulse duration
150 Hz for small mm | 300-400 Hz for other
75
Functional Estim - on/off time
1:3
76
Functional Estim - intensity
sustained contraction
77
Functional Estim - doing what
Same as mm re-ed but having the patient perform a functional task while applying the estim
78
Functional Estim - treatment duration
Varies | until patient can volitionally contract the mm or the mm fatigues
79
Functional Estim - goal
to get the patient to perform a functional task while applying the estim
80
Russian - polarity
none
81
Russian - target tissue
alpha motor neuron
82
Russian - on/off time
1: 5 strengthening 1: 3 re-ed
83
Russian - intensity
Strengthening - stop at max isometric contraction | Re-ed - stop at isometric contraction
84
Russian - electrode placement
bipolar quadripolar Parallel to mm fibers
85
Russian - treatment duration
``` re-ed = until mm fatigues or volitional contraction strengthening = 10-12 reps ```
86
Spasm reduction - target tissue
alpha motor neuron
87
Spasm reduction - polarity
none
88
Spasm reduction - frequency
35-80 Hz
89
Spasm reduction - pulse duration
150 for small | 300-400 usec for other
90
Spasm reduction on/off time
1:1 ratio goal is muscle fatigue (maybe 10 sec on and 10 off)
91
Spasm reduction - intensity
max isometric contraction
92
Spasm reduction - electrode placement
bipolar quadripolar parallel to mm fiber
93
Spasm reduction - treatment duration
until the muscle fatigues
94
When is interferential often used
sensory level pain modulation
95
Russian is often used for
muscle strength | muscle re-ed

Semester 3 PM Exam 5 (10 decks)

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