Embryology Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
The Intermediate Plate Mesoderm forms the
A
Urogenital System
2
Q
Gastrulation happens in
A
Week 3
3
Q
Neuralation happens in
A
Week 3
4
Q
Somite Formation happens in
A
Week 3
5
Q
Maturation of organ systems happens in
A
Week 9 onwards
6
Q
Pronephros develops what set of kidneys
A
Cervical Region
7
Q
Mesonephros develops what set of kidneys
A
Thoracoculmbar
8
Q
Metanephros develops what set of kidneys
A
Pelvic Region
9
Q
What happens in Week 5 Embryology Repro
A
Genital Gonadal Ridge Formation
10
Q
Germ cells migrate into
A
Indifferent Gonad in Week 6
11
Q
What tube comes para-mesonephric duct
A
Epithelium of Mesonephros tube
12
Q
What develops lateral to developing gonads and mesonephric duct
A
Para-Mesonephric Duct
13
Q
Wolffian Duct is also known as
A
Mesonephric duct
14
Q
Mullerian Duct is also known as
A
Paramesonephric Duct
15
Q
Gonad forms
A
Testis
16
Q
Mesonephric Duct develops into (3)
A
Epididymis, Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicle
17
Q
Urogenital Sinus forms what in males
A
Bladder, Urethra and Prostate
18
Q
Gonad in the female forms
A
Ovary
19
Q
Paramesonpehric Duct in females forms
A
Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Cervix Part of Vagina
20
Q
Urogenital Sinus forms what in females
A
Bladder and Lower Vagina
21
Q
Primordial Supporting Cells expresses
A
SRY Encodes
22
Q
Primordial Supporting cells transforms SRY into
A
Sertoli Cells
23
Q
Sertoli Cells secrete
A
Mullerian Inhibiting Substance
24
Q
What does Paramesonephric Duct do in males
A
Degenerates
25
Leydig cells produces
Testosterone
26
Mullerian Inhibiting Substance transforms Mesenchymal cells between cords to form
Leydig Cells
27
Leydig Cells and Sertoli Cells can be found in what histology
Testis
28
What happens in week 5 of testis development
Primary Sex Cords, Medulla and Cortex
29
What happens in week 7 of testis development
TDF Stimulates Primary Sex Cords and extends into medulla seminferous cords tubules
30
What between cords gives rise to Interstitial cells of leydig
Mesenchyme
31
By week 8 what does Leydig Cells Produce
Testosterone
32
In males what does paramesonephric duct do
Degenerates
33
Seminal Vesicle is an outgrowth from
Caudal end of mesonephric duct
34
Prostate is an outgrowth from
Urethra
35
In the presence of what does gonad develop into testis
TDF
36
What two things does female fetus not have that male does
No SRY Region and No TDF region
37
By 10 weeks secondary sex cords develop from
Surface Epithelium
38
Primordial Follicles forms from
16 Weeks
39
By what month have all follicles formed in female development of ovary
7 Month
40
Oocytes enter meiosis and are arrested in what meiotic division in development of ovary
Prophase 1st Meiotic Division
41
After puberty hormonal influences stimulate how many follicles
12-15 follicles per 28 day cycle
42
Absence of testosterone in females causes
Degeneration of mesonephros and mesonpehric duct
43
What gives rise to female genital tract
Paramesonephric Duct
44
Which end of paramesonephric duct becomes associated with ovary
Cranial (open funnel)
45
Which part of paramesonephric duct (uterovaginal primordial) becomes uterus and superior vagina
Caudal End
46
Inferior Part of Vagina forms from
Urogenital sinus
47
Gonads initially forms where
Lumbar Region
48
At Week 7 where is Testis
T10
49
At week 12 where is testis
level of deep inguinal ring until 7th month
50
When do testis enter scrotum
39 Weeks
51
Where is ovary located in week 7
T10
52
Week is ovary located in week 12
Broad Ligament
53
Round ligament is drawn through inguinal canal to attach to
Labrum Majorum
54
How to Manage Undescended Testis
Orchiopexy
55
Paramesonephric Dut becomes
Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Cervix and Vagina
56
Sperm can survive
5 Days
57
Oocyte can survive
24 Hours
58
Acrosome reacts with what in fertilisation
Zona Pellucida and Periviteline Space
59
What happens in early embryo development day 1
formation of pronuclei
60
What happens in early embryo development day 2
first cell division
61
What happens in early embryo development day 3
cell division continues
62
What happens in early embryo development day 4
formation of morula
63
What happens in early embryo development day 5
blastocyst forms
64
Early embryo enters uterine cavity in what phase
morula
65
Trophoectoderm cells produce
Protease to dissolve zona
66
Trophoblast of Blastocyst adheres to
Epithelial Layer of Maternal Endometrium
67
Uterine Spiral arteries remodel the
Trophoblast
68
Hatching of embryo from Zona Pellucida is when
5th Day after Fertilisation
69
What is a pre-requisite for trophoblast invasion and placentation
Transformation of Stromal Cells under effect of Progesterone
70
Stromal Cells are converted into
Decidual
71
What are uterine natural killer cells also known as
Decidual Leukocytes
72
Trophoblast invades from
Primary Chorionic Villi
73
Embryo development where blastocyst reaches is what day
Day 5
74
Embryogenesis happens when
First 8 Weeks of Embryo development post fertilisation
75
Fertilised egg forms blastocyst when
Day 5
76
Bilaminar Germ and Amniotic Sac form when
Week 2-3
77
Yolk Sac is formed when
Week 2-3
78
Extraembryonic Mesoderm and Chorionic Cavity forms when
Week 2-3
79
Differentiation of Bilaminar Disc into Trilaminar Structure is when
Week 3-4
80
Organogenesis happens when
Week 5-8
81
Fetal Period Begins
Week 8
82
Bilaminar Disc consists of
Epiblast and Hypoblast
83
Epiblast undergoes what to form three germ layers
Gastrulation
84
Hypoblast forms
Extraembryonic Mesoderm
85
Inner Layer Cytotrophoblast forms
Chorionic Villi
86
What kind of epithelium in bilaminar epiblast
Columnar
87
What kind of epithelium in hypoblast
Hypoblast
88
The Yolk Sac forms on
Hypoblast
89
Amniotic Cavity forms on the
Epiblast
90
Epiblast differentiates into
Ectoderm, Mesoderm and Endoderm
91
Where does Primitive Streak appear from
Caudal Epiblast
92
Which forms Endoderm
Epiblast Cells migrate into Hypoblast
93
What forms Mesoderm
Epiblast Cells through Primitive Streak between Epiblast and Hypoblast/endoderm
94
The Trilaminar Disc is also called
Gastrula
95
The Ectoderm forms the (8)
```
Epidermis
CNS
Peripheral Nervous
Hair
Nails
Adrenal Medulla
Pituitary Gland
Teeth Enamel
```
96
The Mesoderm forms the (9)
```
Dermis
MSK
CVS
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Gonads
Adrenal Cortex
Pleura
```
97
The Endoforms the (7)
```
GI Tract
Parenchyma liver
Pancreas
Thyroid
Tonsils
Bladder
Urethra
```
98
Intermediate Mesoderm forms
Kidney, Ureter, Gonads
99
What happens in Dizygotic Pregnancy
Two or more eggs fertilising and implanting, non identical
100
What happens in Monozygotic Pregnancy
One Embryo Splitting
| Identical Twins
101
In Day 1-4 Division Day Post Fertilisation Type of Pregnancy and Incidence
Dichorionic Diamniotic 20% (Seperate Placenta and Amniotic Sac)
102
In Day 5-8 Division Day Post Fertilisation Type of Pregnancy and Incidence
Monochorionic diamniotic (share placenta, separate amniotic sac) 75%
103
In Day 7-14 Division Day Post Fertilisation Type of Pregnancy and Incidence
Monochorionic monoamniotic (share placenta and amniotic sac) 5%
104
In Day >14 Division Day Post Fertilisation Type of pregnancy and Incidence
Conjoined Twins <1%
105
In Monozygotic Pregnancy what happens to Placenta
Shared
106
Embryogenesis when
First 8 Weeks Post Fertilisation
107
The caudal end of enfolded yolk sac is known as
Cloaca
108
The Cloaca is divided by urorectal septum to form
Urogenital Sinus
| AnaL Canal
109
Urogenital Sinus forms
Bladder and Urethra
110
The indifferent gonad develops in
Gonadal Ridge
111
What forms Primitive Sex Cords
Epithelium of Gonadal Ridge
112
Which chromosome contains SRY gene
Y
113
What forms Testis Cords
Primitive Sex Cords entering into medulla
114
Leydig cells are produced from
Intermediate Mesoderm
115
Leydig cells produce testotestone from
Week 8
116
Mesonephric Duct also called Wolffian Ducts drain
Mesonephros into Cloca
117
What forms bladder
Mesonephric Duct also called Wolffian Ducts
118
What forms the Labia Minora
Urogenital Folds
119
What forms Labia Majora
Labioscrotal Folds
120
What forms Clitoris
Genital Tubercle
121
In females paramesonephric duct forms
Uterus and Upper 2/3rd of Vagina
122
Lower 1/3rd of vagina forms form
Urogenital Sinus
123
Mesonephric/Wolffian Duct develops under testosterone effect to form
Epididymis, Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicles
